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Africa and IMF Conditionality: The Unevenness of Compliance, 1983-2000 (African Studies: History, Politics, Economics and Culture)
Kwame Akonor
Manufacturer: Routledge
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Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0415979471 |
Book Description
Ghana was one of the first African countries to adopt a comprehensive IMF reform program and the one that has sustained adjustment longest. Yet questions of Ghana's compliance-such as to what extent did it comply, how did it manage compliance, what patterns of noncompliance existed, and why?-have not been systematically investigated and remain poorly understood. This book argues that understanding the domestic political environment is key to explaining why compliance, or the lack thereof, occurs. The author maintains that compliance with IMF conditionality in Ghana has had high political costs and thus, noncompliance occurred once the political survival of a regime was at stake. Akonor argues that situations in which Ghana did not comply with IMF conditionality were periods prior to elections and periods of elite conflict/instability, when the governments needed to muster domestic support to stay in power.
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From grandmotherliness to governance: the evolution of IMF conditionality.: An article from: Finance & Development
Harold James
Manufacturer: International Monetary Fund
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Binding: Digital
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ASIN: B00098KMO2
Release Date: 2005-07-28 |
Book Description
This digital document is an article from Finance & Development, published by International Monetary Fund on December 1, 1998. The length of the article is 3002 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
From the supplier: The policy requirements that the IMF places on its program lending have evolved steadily over the years. The Fund's conditionality became an increasingly sensitive issue in the 1960s and the 1970s because high levels of lending in relation to quotas were imposed, the expansion of capital markets offered an alternative source of capital, and the requirements became more complex because of the need to avoid unintended consequences in programs. During the 1990s, the debate took a new and highly political turn. The first element of the current debate is the inherent difficulty in the implications of lending that is not strictly market terms. The second is the dramatic political changes that followed the collapse of communism and their coincidence with a global communications revolution and significantly increased financial globalization. The new challenges to IMF conditionality are discussed.
Citation Details
Title: From grandmotherliness to governance: the evolution of IMF conditionality.
Author: Harold James
Publication:
Finance & Development (Magazine/Journal)
Date: December 1, 1998
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Volume: 35
Issue: 4
Page: 44(4)
Distributed by Thomson Gale
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from World Development, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
In theory, the IMF could influence economic growth via several channels, among them being advice to policy makers, money disbursed under its programs, and its conditionality. This paper tries to separate those effects empirically. Using panel data for 98 countries over the period 1970-2000, it analyzes whether IMF involvement influences economic growth in program countries. Consistent with the results of previous studies, it is shown that IMF programs reduce growth rates when their endogeneity is accounted for. There is also evidence that compliance with conditionality mitigates this negative effect, while the overall impact, however, remains negative. IMF loans have no robust statistically significant impact.
Average customer rating:
- An objective and comprehensive look at IMF programs.
|
IMF Conditionality
Manufacturer: The MIT Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0262231166 |
Book Description
Now available directly from:
IIE
11 Dupont Circle, NW
Washington, DC 20036
Tel: (202) 328-9000
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has been assigned a critical role in responding to the international debt crisis. The terms on which the IMF extends its credits, however, have been controversial for many years. The charges include allegations that the Fund is insensitive to local conditions, oblivious to national sovereignty, ideologically biased in favor of market-oriented approaches and wedded to dogmatic monetarism. More recently, the U.S. administration had suggested that the Fund has "gone soft," approving programs without hope of lasting adjustment, overextending itself, exhibiting bias against freemarket solutions, and moving too quickly into countries that could borrow from commercial banks instead.
The twenty-one contributions in this book, by Irving Friedman, Bela Balassa, Edmar Bacha, and others assess the controversy surrounding the Fund and provide judgments about the criteria for Fund lending which should help readers understand and analyze both its ongoing role in smoothing adjustment to international payments imbalances and its currently critical position in responding to the debt crisis. The book includes eleven country studies.
John Williamson is a Senior Fellow at the Institute and has been a professor of economics at major universities in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Brazil, as well as Economic Consultant to the U.K. Treasury and Advisor to the IMF.
Customer Reviews:
An objective and comprehensive look at IMF programs........1998-05-28
This book is a "must read" for the serious scholar of IMF programs. It is structured in three parts: a series of short essays on issues relating to conditionality, several country studies of IMF programs and conclusions and policy implications. The book was originally written as a compilation of the proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Institute for International Economics.
The book is superbly organized and features a star-studded cast of economists in policy, business and academia (though it is fairly heavily slanted towards academics). All the major topics relating to IMF conditionality are covered; the effectiveness of IMF programs, contrasts between stabilization and structural adjustment (and the Fund vs. the Bank), and the impact of IMF programs on poverty and income distribution. Every few chapters is followed by comments by such noted individuals as Jeff Sachs, Richard Cooper, Bela Balassa, and Rudiger Dornbusch. The book thus covers a range of individual attitudes and opinions. The third major section, which consists of "opinion pieces" and summaries, is particularly valuable in providing interesting insights and policy suggestions to the overall picture.
Given the increasing importance the International Monetary Fund has assumed in the post-Cold War world, books such as this should assume increasing importance. It does tend towards the technical, but given its origins, this should not be seen as much of a liability.
Book Description
This digital document is an article from Comparative Economic Studies, published by Association for Comparative Economic Studies on September 1, 2004. The length of the article is 669 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details
Title: IMF conditionality and programme ownership in developing and emerging economies--implementation and research agenda: an introduction to special issue: symposium Part I.(International Monetary Fund)
Author: Ali M. Kutan
Publication:
Comparative Economic Studies (Refereed)
Date: September 1, 2004
Publisher: Association for Comparative Economic Studies
Volume: 46
Issue: 3
Page: 371(2)
Distributed by Thomson Gale
Book Description
This digital document is an article from Harvard International Review, published by Harvard International Relations Council, Inc. on June 22, 1998. The length of the article is 2587 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details
Title: Lender of last resort: rethinking IMF conditionality.
Author: Gopal Garuda
Publication:
Harvard International Review (Refereed)
Date: June 22, 1998
Publisher: Harvard International Relations Council, Inc.
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Page: 36-9
Distributed by Thomson Gale
Book Description
Get a good grade in algebra with ALGEBRA FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS! Written with you in mind, the authors provide clear, no-nonsense explanations that will help you learn difficult concepts with ease. Prepare for exams with numerous resources located online and throughout the text such as live online tutoring, chapter summaries, self-checks, getting ready exercises, vocabulary and concept problems, web quizzes, and chapter tests. Use this text, and you'll learn solid mathematical skills that will help you both in future mathematical courses and in real-life!
Book Description
This text, written by best-selling developmental mathematics author Pat McKeague, features a more streamlined review of elementary algebra, allowing for earlier coverage of intermediate topics. An early introduction to graphing presents the foundation for a wide variety of graphing problems throughout the text. Early coverage of functions helps students feel comfortable with the many examples and graphs of functions that occur in later chapters. The first ten chapters of this book cove the topics usually found in a college-level algebra course. The last three chapters cover the essential topics from trigonometry. Optional technology sections and integrated throughout text as a way for students to better understand the material being discussed.
Customer Reviews:
Excellent.......2001-08-30
An excellent book such as this one deserves praise. I read it, I got it, and I can teach it.
This book was not very helpful........2000-04-28
This book was the text for a class I took. Everyone, including the teacher, found it almost impossible to learn from the book. We used it for exercises and examples, but that was about it.
Book Description
Lewis Hirsch and Arthur Goodman strongly believe that students can understand what they are learning in algebra and why. The authors meticulously explain why things are done in a certain way, illustrate how and why concepts are related and demonstrate how 'new' topics are actually new applications of concepts already learned. The authors introduce topics at an elementary level and return to them at increasing levels of complexity. Their gradual introduction of concepts, rules, and definitions through a wealth of illustrative examples - both numerical and algebraic - helps students compare and contrast related ideas and understand the sometimes subtle distinctions among a variety of situations. Through this learning this author team carefully prepares students to succeed in higher-level mathematics.
Book Description
This dynamic new edition of this proven series adds cutting edge print and media resources. An emphasis on the practical applications of algebra motivates learners and encourages them to see algebra as an important part of their daily lives. The reader-friendly writing style uses short, clear sentences and easy-to-understand language, and the outstanding pedagogical program makes the material easy to follow and comprehend.
KEY TOPICS Chapter topics cover basic concepts; equations and inequalities; graphs and functions; systems of equations and inequalities; polynomials and polynomial functions; rational expressions and equations; roots, radicals, and complex numbers; quadratic functions; exponential and logarithmic functions; conic sections; and sequences, series and the binomial theorem. For the study of Algebra.
Customer Reviews:
Clear & simple steps given.......2000-12-05
I used this book to challenge my Intermediate Algebra course, and I passed the exams. This book explain clearly the steps to the questions.
Book Description
The Fourth Edition of Yoshiwara and Yoshiwara's MODELING, FUNCTIONS, AND GRAPHS: ALGEBRA FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS includes content found in a typical algebra course, along with introductions to curve-fitting and display of data. Yoshiwara and Yoshiwara focus on three core themes throughout their textbook: Modeling, Functions, and Graphs. In their work of modeling and functions, the authors utilize the Rule of Four, which is that all problems should be considered using algebraic, numerical, graphical, and verbal methods. The authors motivate students to acquire the skills and techniques of algebra by placing them in the context of simple applications that use real-life data.
Customer Reviews:
This Book is Larger than Tolstoy's "War and Peace".......2006-09-05
Dear Average Reader,
Math is my best subject, but it might as well be my worst because this is absolutely the worst text book I've ever seen. If I could meet the authors, Mr. and Mrs. Yoshiwara, I would ask them why they believe the best way for a student to learn college algebra is by providing him with an 8.5-by-10.5-inch hardcover text at 2 inches thick containing almost 1000 pages and a CD ROM, an 8.5-by-11-inch softcover "work book" an inch thich with 350 pages, and an 10-by-8-inch softcover "solution manual" another inch thick with 425 pages.
I deduce from these books that college algebra must be the most complicated thing to learn in the history of mankind. In fact, I actually shudder before these books. The reason I shudder is not because I believe algebra must be this difficult, but because I can't think of a worse undertaking than what I'll witness inside these pages.
Forget the $115 + $45 + sales tax price (as of Fall 2006). First, no person in a college program could possibly have enough time in his semester to completely read these books. I seriously doubt anyone would ever attempt, or could be able, to read these books in his entire life. This assessment comes from just the threat of the sheer size of so many pages, and a CD ROM.
Second, the book is merely acceptable at best. For instance, the first question of the first excercise asks how many weeks are between week 5 and week 9? Five, of course. I'll count them: week 5, week 6, week 7, week 8, and week 9. My math teacher insisted I was wrong, but that's not my point: why would anyone publish a textbook so reckless that the answer of its questions must be assumed in definition?
Let me explain. I suggest to my friend we could go get some lunch together. He says he didn't bring much money. So, I take the change out of my pocket and hold it in my hand. Then, I instruct my friend to do the same. I count my money, and he counts his. We add them together and we get our answer. We have just 95 cents BETWEEN the two of us.
Here's another one. There are five people sitting between me and that actor from television. I wasn't counting him, nor me. Following this interpretation means there are three weeks between weeks 5 and 9. That is because weeks 6, 7, and 8 are between weeks 5 and 9: three weeks. Logically, one should not assume an interpretation without facts.
Here's a question similar to one from the book which my class studied. I go to the grocery store for cola. A 2-liter of cola costs $1.70. A 3-liter of cola costs $2.25. Therefore, the 2-liter is 85 cents per liter, and the 3-liter is 75 cents per liter. Because the price of the 3-liter is a better bargain, I go to the cashier. I pay 75 cents and leave. Since it's impossible for anyone to buy one liter from a 3-liter, I know this math doesn't account for the view of who's doing the shopping.
Here's a math problem not in the Yoshiwara text. A doctor once asked the mathematician and philosopher Bertrand Russell a question. He asked, "Where does it hurt?" Russell says, "In my mind." This book will be doing that, too.
Here's a math question from the book. What is the cost of 10 feet of fabric at $5.79 per yard? It's an easy question to answer: $19.30. But, this same question in the book, Excercise A.1, number 5, reads exactly like this:
Question 5. Dress fabric is sold (from bolts with a standard width) for $5.79 per yard.
a. Write an expression for the nubmer of yards of fabric in terms of the number of feet of the fabric. (There are 3 feet in a yard.)
b. Write an expression for the cost of the fabric in terms of the number of feet.
c. Find the cost of 10 feet of fabric.
Let me give you MY VERSION of this question a second time.
Question 5. "What is the cost of 10 feet of fabric at $5.79 per yard?"
Notice the simplicity of my version of their question?
First, what does it want to know when it wants something "in terms" of something else? What is this? What are terms? Every math problem will result in writing a term. Factually, it's impossible to do any math class homework without writing a term. This wording has no logic.
Second, why does the book have to tell me to "write an expression?" I always write expressions for all math homework. I cannot solve the problem without forming an expression. Does it ask me to write the expression I form? Well, my college professor told me to do that anyway. He called it, "Homework." All math teachers want students to write the expression they think. How else do students perform homework: writing it really is the only way! This book is full of trite statements!
Third, all the questions in the book ask questions with the same confusion I mention. They have traded in the normal style of algebra text book homework where the question is posed as a question, and NOT posed as an instruction, telling me what to do. In the Yoshiwara book, all questions are formed as instructions; meaning, it has no questions in the book. Therefore, the main objective of the Yoshwara text is to force conformity upon students. The famous MENSA International, the intellectual exchange with IQ tests, forms questions with question marks ending their sentences. Their logic quizzes do not expect members to follow statements of instruction. Therefore, I can extrapolate: the Yoshiwara text uses no proper test of logic, nor does it use any logic in its test design.
I told a friend of mine I thought the Yoshiwara algebra text was excessive. He said, your teacher would know more than you about the qualifications of the textbook for his class. The statement is correct, but it unfortunately only accounts for one person's beliefs, and is inconsiderate to the students'. I scored highest in my last two math classes, but I know I don't know nothing, so I gently reminded him, although my teacher is a professional instructor, that I am a professional student who has to read the text. My friend suggested I study from an alternate algebra text, but I told him that action doesn't make much sense since I will have to complete problems from the Yoshiwara text for my instructor anyway. To form a pun, I figure I don't need more problems.
Math has always been my best subject, to which I have always done well. I had a higher grade score in my last two algebra courses than anyone else in my classes. But, since I have to study from Yoshiwaras' book, I'm thinking of suicide.
The Yoshiwara text is only in line with that new logic that says people are using their vision to learn, more than reading books to learn. My English teacher told me about that new logic. It's like being on crack, or watching MTV. At least, the book tries to adapt to what my English teacher calls the mind of an MTV generation. If this book follows that logic, it's because there's very little simplicity. It's a major undertaking. It's a barrage of math principle with a prerequisite of a master's degree. It was designed by math professors with total interest in math and a blatant disregard to life and logic. They didn't make it to learn math from it; they made it to look like it's the most complete text on algebra that ever existed, only in order to make its existence necessary, for no sane person would read it.
Judging from the text questions I read and the quantity of text, I bet the authors want to teach students to "pump out" math answers without having to think.
No one should ever be forced to study a math text larger than a New York City phone book.
Book Description
The Angel Series continues to offer proven pedagogy, sound exercise sets and superior user support. An emphasis on the practical applications of algebra motivates readers and encourages them to see algebra as an important part of their daily lives. The user friendly writing style uses short, clear sentences and easy to understand language, and the outstanding pedagogical program makes the material easy to follow and comprehend. The new editions continue to place a strong emphasis on problem solving.
Real Numbers; Solving Linear Equations; Formulas and Applications of Algebra; Graphing Linear Equations; Exponents and Polynomials; Factoring; Rational Expressions and Equations; Functions and Their Graphs; Systems of Linear Equations; Inequities in One and Two Variables; Roots, Radicals, and Complex Numbers; Quadratic Functions; Exponential and Logarithmic Functions; Conic Sections; and Sequence, Series, and the Binominal Theorem.
For any professional needing to apply algebra to their work.
Book Description
Make math a snap with ALGEBRA FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS. Using everyday language and lots of examples, Kaufman and Schwitters show you how to apply algebra concepts and ace the test. This volume also comes with Interactive Skillbuilder CD-ROM. This program is packed with over 8 hours of video instruction to help it all make sense. And if tutoring is in your future, with this edition you get 40 hours of free tutoring per week through Personal Tutor with SMARTHINKING, the live online tutoring program that connects you to a live algebra expert who has a copy of your textbook. Plus, you'll get the powerful web-based iLrn Homework program that makes your assignments a breeze. Get the grade you need with ALGEBRA FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS.
Product Description
Taken from:
Intermediate Algebra for College Student, 3rd Edition
Intermediate Algebra for College Student, 2rd Edition
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