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Foto: Modernity in Central Europe, 1918-1945
Matthew S. Witkovsky Manufacturer: Thames & Hudson ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover Similar Items:
ASIN: 0500543372 |
Book Description
A brilliantly illustrated survey of modernist photography in Central Europe, published in association with the National Gallery of Art.Customer Reviews:
Avant-garde and popular culture.......2007-10-10
Drowning in Detail.......2007-08-23
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Modernity and the Holocaust
Zygmunt Bauman Manufacturer: Cornell University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0801487196 |
Customer Reviews:
Liberating!.......2007-01-27
Against tthe Banalization and Routinization of Cruelty .......2006-10-02
the normal as demonic.......2001-05-29
Mass atrocity requires three things: that violence be authorized by a legitimate authority, that the violent actions be routinized, and that the victims be dehumanized. Bauman recounts the experiments of Stanley Milgram in support of his argument. I add that, after weeks of chanting "Kill, kill, kill" over and over, and of hearing the "enemy" described as "dinks", "slopes", "gooks", "japs", "women", "niggers" and "injuns", I was able to sit through a lecture on the "law of war" in which my medic class was instructed that one of our jobs would be to execute wounded prisoners. Yes, that's illegal, immoral, and something terrorists do. Military training works. (If you respond that "war is hell" and that such things are normal, think of the fuss we put up about how our prisoners are treated.)
Military training works because normal socialization prepares us for it. Society, Bauman writes, silences morality. Rather than supporting our innate morality, society replaces it, teaching us what is good and what is bad, who is good and who is bad. It divides the world into the "moral universe", relatively small, and the universe in which we are encouraged to to act with amoral abandon. Take, for instance, the example of "family values". The moral universe cannot shrink much further. Yes, we should obey the law, if practicable, but only until we change it to allow us to do what we want. We certainly aren't responsible for anyone outside the family. Family values? Christ pointed out that even the heathen support that.
The answer to the social design and engineering which created the Holocaust is, Bauman suggests, unconditional responsibility. We, each of us as a moral agent, are responsible for and to everyone regardless of whether we believe them to be good or evil. We and they are human. It's a tough sell, but Bauman's argument that the alternative led to the Holocaust and will lead to more similar atrocities is convincing.
Bauman makes his arguments without jargon, with style and passion. This is a most important and compelling book. If you're going to read only one book this year, make it this one.
A sociology of modern evil.......2000-11-24
In this stunning, bold, and original work, Professor Bauman challenges this conventional wisdom. The Holocaust is not the story of European civilization gone awry; rather it embodies the most salient principles of modernity itself. It was "horrifyingly normal."
The logic of self-interest, rational management, modern bureaucratic order, technological efficiency, the relegation of values to the realm of subjectivity, science as intrinsically instrumental and value-free: such are the values comprising the shared vision of western civilization set in motion during the Enlightenment. And Bauman identifies the sum of these values as the necessary (but not sufficient) cause of the Holocaust. The SS exploited the logic of rational self-interest by making the cooperation of prisoners a condition for self-preservation. Death camps utilized the applied technology of mass production and transportation. The Third Reich was the picture of modern bureaucratic efficiency. All of this was done by highly trained engineers, technicians and doctors within an ethical framework consistent with modernity's moral relativism. And each of these conditions is still present today. This is a sobering, thought-provoking study of the Holocaust and its haunting resonance with the values of modern thought.
Simple and very important book.......2000-04-05
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The Struggle for Modernity: Nationalism, Futurism, and Fascism (Italian and Italian American Studies)
Emilio Gentile Manufacturer: Praeger Publishers ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: 0275976920 |
Book Description
During the 20th century, Italy experienced some regrettable political developments. It was the first European nation after World War I in which a mass militia-party of revolutionary nationalism achieved power and abolished parliamentary democracy with the goal of building a totalitarian state. It was also the first in Europe to institutionalize the sacralization of politics and to celebrate officially the cult of the leader as a demi-God. These achievements were not accidents. Since the beginning of the 20th century, Italian nationalist movements, from the national radicalism of "La Voce" to futurist nationalism and fascism, fostered one of the strongest waves of European right-wing radicalism. The confrontation between nationalism and modernity is one of the main keys to understanding to the permutations of Italian radical nationalism from modernist avant-gardes up to the fascist regime. This book analyzes the ideological undercurrents and cultural myths that unite all these movements. Looking at Italian nationalism from its risorgimento roots to the neo-fascist heritage, Gentile considers the relationship between myth and organization in the making of the fascist state, the role of the party, the liturgy of mass politics in Italy, the fascist organizations abroad, and the attitude of fascist culture toward the United States.
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Overcome by Modernity: History, Culture, and Community in Interwar Japan
Harry D. Harootunian Manufacturer: Princeton University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0691095485 |
Book Description
In the decades between the two World Wars, Japan made a dramatic entry into the modern age, expanding its capital industries and urbanizing so quickly as to rival many long-standing Western industrial societies. How the Japanese made sense of the sudden transformation and the subsequent rise of mass culture is the focus of Harry Harootunian's fascinating inquiry into the problems of modernity. Here he examines the work of a generation of Japanese intellectuals who, like their European counterparts, saw modernity as a spectacle of ceaseless change that uprooted the dominant historical culture from its fixed values and substituted a culture based on fantasy and desire. Harootunian not only explains why the Japanese valued philosophical understandings of these events, often over sociological or empirical explanations, but also locates Japan's experience of modernity within a larger global process marked by both modernism and fascism.
What caught the attention of Japanese thinkers was how the production of desire actually threatened historical culture. These intellectuals sought to "overcome" the materialism and consumerism associated with the West, particularly the United States. They proposed versions of a modernity rooted in cultural authenticity and aimed at infusing meaning into everyday life, whether through art, memory, or community. Harootunian traces these ideas in the works of Yanagita Kunio, Tosaka Jun, Gonda Yasunosuke, and Kon Wajiro, among others, and relates their arguments to those of such European writers as George Simmel, Siegfried Kracauer, Walter Benjamin, and Georges Bataille.
Harootunian shows that Japanese and European intellectuals shared many of the same concerns, and also stresses that neither Japan's involvement with fascism nor its late entry into the capitalist, industrial scene should cause historians to view its experience of modernity as an oddity. The author argues that strains of fascism ran throughout most every country in Europe and in many ways resulted from modernizing trends in general. This book, written by a leading scholar of modern Japan, amounts to a major reinterpretation of the nature of Japan's modernity.
Customer Reviews:
an extremely difficult masterpiece.......2007-04-09
Waste of Time and Effort.......2006-01-03
Totally incomprehensible.......2005-11-11
Try to get it, okay.......2005-02-19
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Fascist Modernities: Italy, 1922-1945 (Studies on the History of Society and Culture)
Ruth Ben-Ghiat Manufacturer: University of California Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover Similar Items:
ASIN: 0520223632 |
Book Description
Ruth Ben-Ghiat's innovative cultural history of Mussolini's dictatorship is a provocative discussion of the meanings of modernity in interwar Italy. Eloquent, pathbreaking, and deft in its use of a broad range of materials, this work argues that fascism appealed to many Italian intellectuals as a new model of modernity that would resolve the contemporary European crisis as well as long-standing problems of the national past. Ben-Ghiat shows that--at a time of fears over the erosion of national and social identities--Mussolini presented fascism as a movement that would allow economic development without harm to social boundaries and national traditions. She demonstrates that although the regime largely failed in its attempts to remake Italians as paragons of a distinctly fascist model of mass society, twenty years of fascism did alter the landscape of Italian cultural life. Among younger intellectuals in particular, the dictatorship left a legacy of practices and attitudes that often continued under different political rubrics after 1945.
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Gender and Sexuality in Weimar Modernity: Film, Literature, and "New Objectivity"
Richard W. McCormick Manufacturer: Palgrave Macmillan ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover Similar Items:
ASIN: 0312292988 |
Book Description
Richard McCormick takes a fresh look at the crisis of gender in Weimar Germany through an analysis of selected cultural texts, both literary and film, characterized under the label "New Objectivity". The New Objectivity was marked by a sober, unsentimental embrace of urban modernity, in contrast to Expressionism's horror of technology and belief in "auratic" art. This sensibility was gendered as well as contradictory: while associated with male intellectuals, New Objectivity was best symbolized by the New Woman they feared (and desired). Moving skillfully from Caligari to Dietrich, McCormick traces the crisis of gender identities, both male and female, and reveals how a variety of narratives of the time displaced an assortment of social anxieties onto sexual relations.
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Stalinist Values: The Cultural Norms of Soviet Modernity, 1917-1941
David L. Hoffmann Manufacturer: Cornell University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0801488214 |
Book Description
Soviet official culture underwent a dramatic shift in the mid-1930s, when Stalin and his fellow leaders began to promote conventional norms, patriarchal families, tsarist heroes, and Russian literary classics. For Leon Trotskyand many later commentatorsthis apparent embrace of bourgeois values marked a betrayal of the October Revolution and a retreat from socialism. In the first book to address these developments fully, David L. Hoffmann argues that, far from reversing direction, the Stalinist leadership remained committed to remaking both individuals and societyand used selected elements of traditional culture to bolster the socialist order.Melding original archival research with new scholarship in the field, Hoffmann describes Soviet cultural and behavioral norms in such areas as leisure activities, social hygiene, family life, and sexuality. He demonstrates that the Soviet state's campaign to effect social improvement by intervening in the lives of its citizens was not unique but echoed the efforts of other European governments, both fascist and liberal, in the interwar period. Indeed, in Europe, America, and Stalin's Russia, governments sought to inculcate many of the same valuesfrom order and efficiency to sobriety and literacy. For Hoffmann, what remains distinctive about the Soviet case is the collectivist orientation of official culture and the degree of coercion the state applied to pursue its goals.
Customer Reviews:
Academic, dry, but interesting nonetheless.......2003-08-30
Leon Trotsky thought that Stalin was "Thermidorean" like the French middle-class revolutionaries who defused the extremes of Robespierre and St-Just.
This book shows instead that Stalin maintained Bolshevik radicalism while culturally transforming Russia into what it was under Leonid Brezhnev: a socialist society, with top-down control tempered by growing incompetence, run by the equivalent of American building superintendants, iron workers, and hard-hats.
Those guys did not like artistic or sexual experimentation much and their values were patriarchal.
What's interesting was that in the short-term, this dealt real socialism, other than the "socialism" of a single corporation run by the state for the benefit of a *nomenklatura*, a death-blow.
What's interesting, also, in practical terms, is that the society then proceeded to self-destruct, in an agonizingly slow fashion, from 1940 to 1989.
Ultimately, there may have been a deep "contradiction" inserted in the Stalin years, for by encouraging artistic conservatism and shoring up the authoritarian family, Stalin only created people less able than the generation of the Civil Wars and the 1920s to see any reason for acting in other than their own good and that of their families.
Real "socialism" may be unnameable and undescribable for it would go all the way down to intimate relations. As it was, the culture of Stalinism imposed a false image of reality completely at variance with daily life, as young Mikhail Gorbachev noticed growing up on a collective farm in the late 1940s. His heroism (uncelebrated because for the people of Russia he was in charge during a Time of Troubles) was that he bided his time, married well, and brought the curtain down on the untenable scene. We are in Mikhail Sergeyevich's debt (and, hurts me to say it, Ron Reagan's debt) for doing the job without a great big war.
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Translingual Practice: Literature, National Culture, and Translated Modernity-China, 1900-1937
Lydia Liu Manufacturer: Stanford University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0804725357 |
Book Description
Customer Reviews:
reliable?.......2002-06-25
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From Allies to Enemies: Visions of Modernity, Identity, and U.S.-China Diplomacy, 19451960
Simei Qing Manufacturer: Harvard University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover Similar Items:
ASIN: 0674023447 |
Book Description
In a stunningly original work about the impact of cultural perceptions in international relations, Simei Qing offers a new perspective on relations between the United States and China after World War II.
From debates over Taiwan in the Truman administration to military confrontation in Korea to relations with the Soviet Union, Qing explores how policies on both sides became persistently counterproductive. Implicit moral and cultural values became woven into policy rationales for both China and the United States. Cultural visions of modernity and understandings of identity played a critical role in each nation's evaluation of the other's intentions and in defining interests and principles in their diplomatic relationship.
Based on American, Russian, and newly declassified Chinese sources, this book reveals rarely examined assumptions that were entrenched in mainstream policy debates on both sides, and sheds light on the origins and development of U.S.-China confrontations that continue to resonate today. Simei Qing also provides a compelling look at the vital role of deeply anchored visions in the origins of human military conflicts.
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Moments of Modernity: Reconstructing Britain, 1945-1964
Manufacturer: Rivers Oram Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items: ASIN: 1854891057 |
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