Book Description
Modern Japan offers us a view of a highly developed society with its own internal logic. Eiko Ikegami makes this logic accessible to us through a sweeping investigation into the roots of Japanese organizational structures. She accomplishes this by focusing on the diverse roles that the samurai have played in Japanese history. From their rise in ancient Japan, through their dominance as warrior lords in the medieval period, and their subsequent transformation to quasi-bureaucrats at the beginning of the Tokugawa era, the samurai held center stage in Japan until their abolishment after the opening up of Japan in the mid-nineteenth century.
This book demonstrates how Japan's so-called harmonious collective culture is paradoxically connected with a history of conflict. Ikegami contends that contemporary Japanese culture is based upon two remarkably complementary ingredients, honorable competition and honorable collaboration. The historical roots of this situation can be found in the process of state formation, along very different lines from that seen in Europe at around the same time. The solution that emerged out of the turbulent beginnings of the Tokugawa state was a transformation of the samurai into a hereditary class of vassal-bureaucrats, a solution that would have many unexpected ramifications for subsequent centuries.
Ikegami's approach, while sociological, draws on anthropological and historical methods to provide an answer to the question of how the Japanese managed to achieve modernity without traveling the route taken by Western countries. The result is a work of enormous depth and sensitivity that will facilitate a better understanding of, and appreciation for, Japanese society.
Customer Reviews:
Fascinating historical analysis..........2007-07-26
...of the origin and ongoing evolution of the Samurai class in Japan.
I'd always thought that, despite congruences with warrior classes in other cultures, the Samurai were unique in a lot of ways. Certainly, no other warrior class ruled their society for 800 years.
Ms. Ikegami's book now informs me that they were unique in different ways, at different times, and frequently subject to unique stressors and sociological conditions. The changes in the samurai, from reputation-and-power-seeking free agents to powerful rulers, lords and warlords, finally to confucianist administrators in the Tokugawa shogunate, demonstrate remarkable adaptivity. The author describes these changes against the background of Japanese state formation. People more qualified than myself seem to think her approach is revelatory.
I had thought there would be more material documenting how the twin motors of bushido, honor-seeking and service-owing have been internalized in modern Japanese culture, but that final section was not in great depth. In any event, it was still an eye-opener, viewing the early stages of the class, and of bushido...anyone who has ever thought the Japanese culture inculcates only conformity, shame-aversion and discipline has gotten things badly wrong. (except for the discipline part)
As to the difficulty factor, Ms. Ikegami's ideas can be followed, and her historical attributions, while not dense, certainly seem sound. That said, parts of the book sounded very much like they were aimed at a dissertation-review committee rather than 'people interested in the samurai'. If you've ever read any dissertations-turned-general-release-books, you'll know how to wade through.
Excellent, but not for the novice.......2005-06-03
This was one of the first studies on the samurai I ever read, and it proved a very tough read, yet rewarding as well. Now that I know much more than I did on the topic back then I've re-read this book, and it's reaffirmed how great it is.
As the other reviewer states, this is a sociological study of the samurai rather than a history book, so this is not the book for you if you are after a rundown on the history of the samurai - for that I'd recommend you pickup the three Sansom 'History of Japan' books. This book instead deals with the warrior class of Japan's evolution sociologically, focussing primarily on the evolution that the class undertook during the Edo period of Japan, after the great civil war was over.
During these final two centuries of samurai rule there were no large scale battles to be fought, and with a ruling class whose right to rule was based on it's warrior status & lineage this created many tensions in society, requiring a series of changes that took place over the years aimed at refocussing what it meant to be a samurai. It is with this topic that Eiko Ikegami excels and what makes this book such an interesting read.
Though it may not be a history book, it does contain many historical case studies and even has chapters devoted to several of the more well known samurai incidents & works, including the case of the 47 ronin & the infamous Hagakure. The Hagakure section in particular is fantastic, being the first text on this topic I've read that doesn't either take it at face value or outright dismiss it as garbage. Instead Eiko interprets it as it should be interpreted - the work of a man who was struggling to envision the meaning of being a samurai during times of peace.
I really can't recommend this book enough if you have an interest in this area of the samurai, though I'd definitely recommend that you are already familiar with the basic history of the samurai beforehand.
A modern classic, essential to understanding Japan.......2004-06-18
Professor Ikegami examines the evolution of the samurai as a social institution from its beginnings nearly 1,000 years ago up to the formal dissolution of the samurai in the late 19th century, as well as the continuing influence of samurai society on modern Japan. She shows that the concept of honor was central to the samurai throughout their history, but also demonstrates that their concepts of honor changed greatly. The samurai are presented not as distant, inscrutable creatures of a mysterious culture but as human beings constructing and living within a society adapted to their needs and circumstances. Their combination of ferocity and refinement are made comprehensible.
Along the way she presents important and insightful analyses of such familiar aspects of samurai life as ritual suicide, bushido, the _Hagakure_, and the story of the revenge of the 47 ronin.
The book begins with a section in which Ikegami sets out her analytical structure and theses. This may seem dry to some, but it is important in introducing concepts that run through the subsequent narrative. The bulk of the book consists of a chronologically arranged history of the development of samurai society, based in a wide range of Japanese and western sources.
The book is well written and has many touches to aid the reader (such as reminders of the meanings of key Japanese terms and avoidance of unexplained jargon). Nevertheless, the density of the argument and facts demand careful and thoughtful reading.
As the title should suggest, this is not a book for the novice, unfamiliar with the broad outlines of Japanese history. Nor is it a military history of the samurai.
Will O'Neil
Sociological Emphasis.......2003-12-24
It was difficult for me to finish this book. I am relatively new to the samurai culture as well as Japan in general. Though the book brings some interesting facts to light that interest the beginner enthusiast, it's depth of sociological theory and comparison proved dry and monotonous at times. My impressions were largely influenced by the fact that I have yet to read, or be instructed about Japanese history as well as ethics and politics in Japanese culture.
In short, before tackling this book pick up a couple of textbook-style history books concerning "feudal" Japan and foster a solid understanding and following of it before reading this book.
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- An In-Depth Account of the Many Myths Inspired by the now Mythic Eva Peron.
- Another ignorant
- This is a brilliant book.
- Different..Honest..Interesting!
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Eva Peron: The Myths of a Woman
Julie Taylor
Manufacturer: University Of Chicago Press
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Binding: Paperback
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Similar Items:
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Evita: The Real Life of Eva Peron
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Evita, First Lady: A Biography of Evita Peron
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Santa Evita
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Peron and the Enigmas of Argentina
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Biography - Evita: The Woman Behind the Myth (A&E DVD Archives)
ASIN: 0226791440 |
Book Description
Eva Perón, one of the most powerful women in the world at the time of her death in 1952, rose from humble origins to international renown as First Lady of Argentina and the force behind the throne of her husband Juan Perón. Despite her immense popularity, she was inaccessible to the people of Argentina, and so images were constructed around her to fill that void. According to Julie M. Taylor, these "myths" around Eva Perón reflect Argentine culture and political history at the time of her seven-year reign. With a brief biography of Eva Perón serving as a backdrop, Taylor offers a detailed analysis of the principle myths that grew around this enigmatic woman.
"Taylor shows that she is remembered by different classes and political factions as saint, a revolutionary, or a whore, depending on whether she was interpreted as an embodiment or as a violation of the Argentine feminine ideal."—Booklist
"Highly commendable . . . it deliberately eschews the sensationalism that characterizes earlier [biographies]. . . . Taylor instead concentrates on the myths that have lingered since her death. . . . [This book] transcends biography."—Gentlemen's Quarterly
"[A] concise and brilliant examination of the legends that arose in Argentina during the lifetime . . . of a woman who broke with Argentine tradition and became a political figure in her own right."—New Yorker
Customer Reviews:
An In-Depth Account of the Many Myths Inspired by the now Mythic Eva Peron........2006-04-27
Julie M Taylor's well-researched book is not a biography but an anthropological study of the many myths surrounding Evita and their origins. It is loaded with a tremendous amount of information pertaining to Eva Peron, Argentine society and its history. At first glance, it is somewhat surprising that such a young woman like Eva Peron would become the victim of so much fanatical hatred and adoration. For those that despise her, she is a harlot, a murderess dictator who crushed anyone who opposed her and got in her way. For those that love her she is a mother, a saint, a revolutionary. What is even more interesting is that these images took on a life of their own. These colorful myths have clouded Eva's true history to such an extent that it has been stated by many that Eva Peron's story has forever left the world of "reality" and entered that of "fantasy". Several of the myths discussed here have made their way into history books and biographies. These accounts have sold this mis-information as fact when in reality it couldn't be further from the truth.
Julie Taylor's book explores every one of these myths in detail and gives us an explanation as to why Eva Peron inspired them and why the public chose to believe them. In most instances, Eva's sexuality and beauty had a lot to do with it. In other's, it was Eva's unconventional, non-feminine behavior which isn't surprising since at the time, woman were never seen taking an active role in politics. Eva offended the non-Peronist men of the time because this was one of the first times in their history where a woman was giving orders. The Aristocracy on the other hand was shocked to see a woman of no class, loose morals and with no formal education rise to a position of wealth and fame. In other words, a woman of Eva Duarte's background has no right to achieve that level of power. What I find interesting is the simple fact that had Eva Duarte been born into a privileged class holding a hereditary title or had she been born a man several of these myths would never have been born.
This book is highly recommended to those interested in learning more about this strange, complex woman known throughout the world as Evita. She will forever remain an enigma but Julie M Taylor's book gives us a unique glimpse into her tumultuous life by dissecting the numerous myths surrounding her persona shedding some light as to why people react so differently when Eva Peron's name is mentioned. It may also help you better understand this remarkable woman's actions and the erroneous myths her actions aroused. Even if your attitude towards Eva is indifferent, this book may surprise you since its purpose differs from the many other books written about her. It isn't an opinion but a factual analysis about a woman whose life and personality have become mythological.
Thanks to JM Taylor's "Eva Peron: The Myths of a Woman", the real woman behind the myth is revealed. She is unmasked as even far more remarkable than her legend. Whether you think she's a harlot, a saint or a fiery revolutionary, her impact on a nation cannot be denied. This woman deserves her legendary status, she earned it
Another ignorant.......2004-02-18
As many writers that I know Miss Julie have that terrible lack of sensitivity that give you being out of touch with poor people.
Evita wasn't a myth. Evita was a leader who did soemthing for her country and her people. That's why people still love her. it will happen the same with George Bush if he will die trying to help poor people Can any no argentinean understand that the people love back those leader who love them? is so difficult to understand? that wasn't a myth she actually die at 33 years old because despite her cancer she still goes to work for those whom have the needs.
Do that for your voters and then write about a myth.
This is a brilliant book........2002-03-08
As the title indicates, this is not so much a straightforward and linear biography of Eva. Rather, this book is an examination of the myths that have sprouted up around Evita ("Evita," meaning "little Eva," was her nickname)in her own country and abroad.
The author, an anthropologist, brilliantly points out that what people believe about Eva, and the myths they construct around her, often have less to do with what Eva actually did in her real life, but with what people perceive she represented. Often, judgments and interpretations of Evita are meant to reflect well on the one who is doing the judging - whether it be the Peronists, the anti-Peronists, or foreigners.
The author discovers that Argentines have an unusual tendency to keep their national figures "alive." Few other people, says the author, see it as natural that the myths of long-dead leaders, as well as their bodily remains, would play a part in present day politics. Understanding Eva, who she was and what she accomplished, is often made difficult by this very fact - Argentines are fascinated with their own history and often force it into whatever shape they see as most fit. The author points out that the average Argentine is aware that his own version of his country's history may contradict that of his neighbor's.
The author also argues that while Peronists and anti-Peronists often believe they have different value systems, in fact they share many of the same values. Proof of their shared value system is that Evita is often interpreted in terms of her womanhood. The opposition sees Evita as a violation of the Argentine feminine ideal, whereas the Peronists see Evita as the definition of the feminine ideal. In both cases her gender and sexuality are made the forefront of her character and the judgment laid upon it: the opposition insists that Eva once worked as a prostitute and many of them claim so to this day, despite the fact that there is no evidence to support such a claim. Some Peronists suggest that, due to her heavy work schedule toward the end of her life, Evita did not have the time to have sexual relations with her husband. In both evaluations of her character her sexuality, her virginity, is important, and can therefore be seen as a result of the Catholic value system that permeates all Hispanic cultures. Evita is thus judged against the archetype of "Marianismo" (The Virgin Mary, and her accompanying ideals and virtues). The author also argues, as indicated by the book title, that the myths surrounding Evita are not only linked to Argentine ideas of womanhood, but international and cross-cultural ideas of womanhood and the "mysterious" powers often subscribed to them in relation to their ability to give birth, and their alleged potential for "corrupting" influence if not controlled by a man or male-dominated institution (the opposition often complained that her husband, the President, did not keep Evita "in check"). The author further argues that there is evidence that all peoples are likely to subscribe to women spiritual and mystical powers, and that this equation has led to the "saint abroad" - the belief held by many foreigners that Evita's followers saw her as a saint. The most popular example of this "saint abroad" can be found in the musical "Evita," most vividly in the song "Santa Evita" ("Saint Evita").
One of the most fascinating things about this book is the revelation that Evita's followers, the "Descamisados" (Spanish for "the shirtless ones"), generally do not see Evita as a saint, instead they see her in a rather pragmatic light - when asked what Evita meant to them and what she had done, the poor often listed the laws she had advocated and helped to pass, rarely is there mention of supernatural or saintly powers. It appears that it was Evita's opposition and the middle class of Argentina that created the myth that Evita's "gullible" followers saw her as a saint and the possessor of mystical powers; thus the middle class of Argentina created what the author terms a "myth of a myth."
A word of "caution" - this book is not always an easy read. I believe this book is the author's thesis work, and is therefore often full of words that necessitate the aid of a dictionary. Obscure and veiled references and phraseology abound. Often, particularly toward the beginning of the book, the author's paragraphs will consist of one thought repeated several times with different word usage. This book may be something of a struggle for the "lay" reader, myself among them. There are passages in this book that seem as though they are written in another language, perhaps even written with the intention of confusing the reader. But in all, this is a very well written and well-researched book, one of the best examinations available of this fascinating woman (and I have read most of them). Understanding this book is worth the effort for anyone interested in deciphering the myths and meanings behind the myths of the late, great Evita.
Different..Honest..Interesting!.......1998-09-21
This book on Evita is quite different on the part that it was written by someone who went to that country to study how Eva Peron affected the society around her decades later.She is well rounded in her studies of Evita and the different takes on the different myths that surround this girl from the pampas is very interesting.Don't ask me why I gave it Four stars! I'm a man and I love Eva.But,it seems suitable...Okay? Respects to Julie Taylor..of course!
Book Description
This volume explains why some contemporary Latin American labor-based parties adapted successfully to the challenges of neoliberalism and working class decline. It argues that loosely structured party organizations tend to be more flexible than the bureaucratic structures found in most labor-based parties. The argument is illustrated through an analysis of the Argentine (Peronist) Justicialista Party (PJ). The book shows how PJ's fluid internal structure allowed it to adapt and transform itself from a union-dominated populist party into a vehicle for carrying out radical market-oriented economic reforms.
Customer Reviews:
Essential to understanding Latin American politics as they were and as they are today.......2007-01-07
A wonderfully well written book with plenty of valuable insights. I am a politics and Latin American studies major at Brandeis University in my senior year. This book was assigned for a class that focused on Argentina and Brazil, but I did not notice its value until this year when I took a social movements class that covered the entirety of Latin America. This book is essential towards understanding the old Populism, social movements and authoritarian regimes of the mid 1900's - early 1980's, and finally the implementation of neoliberalist policies with a focus on Menem and his values versus those of the Partido Justalista (PJ). The social movements class did not focus on Argentina (except for Las Madres de la Plaza de Mayo), but I ended up using this book for all three papers (and it wasn't even required reading for the class). Out of all the books I've read on Latin America, I've made it a point to hold on to at least two specific books. This book is one of those books. The other is "Theorizing Social Movements" by Joe Foweraker.
detailed analysis.......2005-08-26
In Europe and Australia, left wing and trade union dominated parties have regularly come to power. Usually, this has necessitated an accomodation with the prevailing capitalist structure of their countries.
But what about the experience in South America? Levitsky studies in detail the Peronist Party of Argentina. With a storied populist past, that some might call demagogue inspired. He finds the party quite adaptable to a neoliberal zeitgeist. This is correlated with long term structural changes in the Argentine economy that reduced the direct influence of the trade unions.
The book shows very detailed analysis, backed by considerable quantitative data.
Book Description
âPolitical clientelismâ is a term used to characterize the contemporary relationships between political elites and the poor in Latin America in which goods and services are traded for political favors. Javier Auyero critically deploys the notion in Poor People’s Politics to analyze the political practices of the Peronist Party among shantytown dwellers in contemporary Argentina.
Looking closely at the slum-dwellers’ informal problem-solving networks, which are necessary for material survival, and the different meanings of Peronism within these networks, Auyero presents the first ethnography of urban clientelism ever carried out in Argentina. Revealing a deep familiarity with the lives of the urban poor in Villa ParaÃso, a stigmatized and destitute shantytown of Buenos Aires, Auyero demonstrates the ways in which local politicians present their vital favors to the poor and how the poor perceive and evaluate these favors. Having penetrated the networks, he describes how they are structured, what is traded, and the particular way in which women facilitate these transactions. Moreover, Auyero proposes that the act of granting favors or giving food in return for votes gives the politicians’ acts a performative and symbolic meaning that flavors the relation between problem-solver and problem-holder, while also creating quite different versions of contemporary Peronism. Along the way, Auyero is careful to situate the emergence and consolidation of clientelism in historic, cultural, and economic contexts.
Poor People’s Politics reexamines the relationship between politics and the destitute in Latin America, showing how deeply embedded politics are in the lives of those who do not mobilize in the usual sense of the word but who are far from passive. It will appeal to a wide range of students and scholars of Latin American studies, sociology, anthropology, political science, history, and cultural studies.
Customer Reviews:
Pathbreaking!!.......2001-02-16
Where should we shelve this book? Does it matter? Should it be in LAtin American Studies? Should it be in sociology? The people that auyero portraits with the skill of s craftman could not be Argentinean. They could be in every day New York at the kitchen soups, they could have lived in the old days of italian immigration. Rather that concentrating in names and places the aim of this book is to find the ways in which every day people make sense of their lifes while being in a situation of opression; to find the ways in which there could be resistance inside acts catalogues as domination and at the same time maintain the idea of domination intact. This book os a must for every person interested in Argentina, for every person interested in LAtin America, for every people ineterested in the sociological analysis of everyday life and political domination. Integrating theory and empiria, this book is a readable one, even though it doesn't run away from theory. As a grad student and an adjunct teacher myself, I think it could be a great undergrad and grad textbook.
Ethnography at its best!!.......2001-02-12
This is a truly outstanding work. Hardly anyone did the kind of fieldwork Auyero did, hardly anyone illuminates the way in which the poor in Argentina manage to solve their everyday survival problems and, in the process, become subordinated in a powerful domination network. I would recommend this book not only to those interested in Latin American politics but also to those who want to know what a theoretically-inspired ethnography looks like.
Book Description
This book analyzes the relationship between Peronism and the Argentine working class from the foundation of the Peronist movement in the mid 1940s to the overthrow of Peron's widow in 1976. It presents an account of such crucial issues as the role of the Peronist union bureaucracy and the impact of the Peronist ideology on workers. Drawing on a variety of untapped sources, Daniel James confronts many of the dominant myths that have surrounded the movement. He argues that its role in containing working-class militancy cannot be explained solely in terms of manipulation, corruption, or union gangsterism.
Customer Reviews:
Blurring the line between Unions and the National State.......2000-05-05
Peronism managed to control the Union movement in Argentina. Working from the national state, Perón moved to legalize long-sought rights of Argentine workers (like paid yearly vacations). He also took the time to crush or isolate any dissent with him within the Union movement. And guaranteed to the Union "bosses" some privileges (like having only one Union legalized for each kind of workers).
The book tells the story.
Average customer rating:
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Peronism and Argentina (Latin American Silhouettes)
James P. Brennan
Manufacturer: SR Books
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Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0842027068 |
Book Description
Peronism and Argentina examines the history, origins, and contemporary directions of Peronism, the most important populist movement in twentieth-century Latin America. Written from an introductory and interdisciplinary perspective, this volume includes contributions from historians, political scientists, and sociologists. These provocative essays clarify many misconceptions about the nature of Peronism and explain how the movement has been interpreted by intellectuals and how it has influenced Argentine politics and civil society over the last half century. Peronism and Argentina also includes essays on the present Peronist government under Carlos Menem?s rule.
Product Description
A collection of essays on the economic, political, social, and cultural factors that enabled Perón to take and hold power and retain a popular following in Argentina.
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Feminine Stereotypes and Roles in Theory and Practice in Argentina Before and After the First Lady Eva Peron (Latin American Studies)
Marta Raquel Zabaleta
Manufacturer: Edwin Mellen Press
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ASIN: 0773475974 |
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Actores, ideas y proyectos politicos en la Argentina contemporanea
Manufacturer: Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires
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Binding: Unknown Binding
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ASIN: 9506580510 |
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