The Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests for Classification and Prediction (Oxford Statistical Science Series)

Book Description

This book describes statistical concepts and techniques for evaluating medical diagnostic tests and biomarkers for detecting disease. More generally, the techniques pertain to the statistical classification problem for predicting a dichotomous outcome. Measures for quantifying test accuracy
are described including sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, diagnostic likelihood ratios and the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve that is commonly used for continuous and ordinal valued tests. Statistical procedures are presented for estimating and comparing them. Regression
frameworks for assessing factors that influence test accuracy and for comparing tests while adjusting for such factors are presented. This book presents many worked examples of real data and should be of interest to practicing statisticians or quantitative researchers involved in the development of
tests for classification or prediction in medicine.

Customer Reviews:

Review.......2007-08-28

An excellent book on the evaluation of medical tests. Includes a lot of information on techniques used for evaluating diagnostic tests. Easily read even by persons with no medical background.

Evidence-Based Diagnosis: A Handbook of Clinical Prediction Rules

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Evidence-Based Diagnosis: A Handbook of Clinical Prediction Rules
Mark H. Ebell
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0387950257

Book Description

What is the probability that a patient with a sore throat has strep? How about the likelihood of DVT in a patient with leg symptoms? What is the prognosis for patients with melanoma, pneumonia, or breat cancer? Covering a full range of topics from cardiovascular and pulmonary disease to ophthalmology, hematology and pediatrics, EVIDENCE-BASED DIAGNOSIS is the only single volume, quick reference designed for use in daily practice. Containing over 150 clinical prediction rules as well as need-to-know background information on each rule to determine its validity and relevance for your practice, these rules are essential for every physician in a time of limited health care resources. Designed as an aid in diagnosis and treatment, clinical prediction rules will allow you to make more accurate diagnosis and treatment decisions while eliminating superfluous testing. As an added bonus, a CD-ROM with software designed by the author is included with this volume. The software is designed to allow you to calculate clinical prediction rules with the ease and convenience of the computer. Simply check the boxes, click enter and receive the probabilities. Mark H. Ebell, M.D., M.S. is Associate Professor in the Department of Family Practice at Michigan State University. He is editor of the "Journal of Family Practice" and coeditor of the "Evidence-Based Practice" newsletter, and is the author of over 80 peer-reviewed publications.

Diagnosis and Risk Prediction of Dental Caries, Volume 2

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Diagnosis and Risk Prediction of Dental Caries, Volume 2
Per Axelsson
Manufacturer: Quintessence Publishing (IL)
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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An Introduction to Risk Prediction and Preventive Dentistry

ASIN: 0867153628

Assessment Centers in Human Resource Management: Strategies for Prediction, Diagnosis, and Development (Applied Psychology)

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Assessment Centers in Human Resource Management: Strategies for Prediction, Diagnosis, and Development (Applied Psychology)
George C. Thornton III , and Deborah E. Rupp
Manufacturer: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0805851259

Book Description

The theme permeating this book on assessment centers is "continuity and change", describing what has remained the same and what has changed in the 50-year history of the assessment center method. One of the important changes explored is the evolution of the goals of assessment center programs and the ways in which assessment centers and their component parts have been used. Assessment Centers in Human Resource Management clearly differentiates between assessment centers used for prediction, diagnoses, and development.

In addition, this book explores:
*assessment centers and human resource management;

*court cases involving assessment centers;

*innovations in assessment center operations;

*cross-cultural considerations including diversity of the workforce; and

*assessor training.

The target audience for the text includes students who are learning about assessment centers, practitioners including human resource managers and consultants who may be considering the implementation of assessment centers, and academicians who are researching the method and wish to understand current issues.

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Outcome Prediction in Cancer

Manufacturer: Elsevier Science
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0444528555

Book Description

This book is organized into 4 sections, each looking at the question of outcome prediction in cancer from a different angle. The first section describes the clinical problem and some of the predicaments that clinicians face in dealing with cancer. Amongst issues discussed in this section are the TNM staging, accepted methods for survival analysis and competing risks. The second section describes the biological and genetic markers and the rôle of bioinformatics. Understanding of the genetic and environmental basis of cancers will help in identifying high-risk populations and developing effective prevention and early detection strategies. The third section provides technical details of mathematical analysis behind survival prediction backed up by examples from various types of cancers. The fourth section describes a number of machine learning methods which have been applied to decision support in cancer. The final section describes how information is shared within the scientific and medical communities and with the general population using information technology and the World Wide Web.

* Applications cover 8 types of cancer including brain, eye, mouth, head and neck, breast, lungs, colon and prostate
* Include contributions from authors in 5 different disciplines
* Provides a valuable educational tool for medical informatics

Dangerousness: Probability and Prediction, Psychiatry and Public Policy

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Dangerousness: Probability and Prediction, Psychiatry and Public Policy

Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0521300290

Book Description

In the last twenty years the clinical prediction of dangerous behaviour has become an increasingly contentious issue in psychiatry. Several studies have called into serious question the ability of mental health professionals to predict the possible future dangerous behaviour of their clients. These results have caught the attention of lawyers, and been cited in several challenges to individual practitioners. Psychiatrists and psychologists have had to realize that if they claim predictive competence they will be called on to accept the legal and ethical consequences. Dangerousness represents a much needed attempt to draw together the most recent views of the legal scholars, social scientists, and clinicians who have thought most deeply about these problems. It aims to help the reader decide what degree of responsibility the mental health professions should accept as they offer influential opinions which on the one hand may result in unfair confinement of patients and prisoners, but on the other may expose society to unwarranted risk.

Dangerousness: Problems of Assessment and Prediction

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Dangerousness: Problems of Assessment and Prediction
John William Hinton
Manufacturer: Unwin Hyman
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Diagnosis and Prediction (The IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications)

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Diagnosis and Prediction (The IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications)

Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Book Description

This volume contains refereed papers submitted by participants of the third week of a six week workshop on Statistics in the Health Sciences held by the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications in Minneapolis, Minnesota during July of 1997. This week was devoted to the closely related topics of Diagnosis and Prediction. Theoretical and applied statisticians from universities, medical and public health schools, government and private research institutions, and pharmaceutical companies involved in prediction problems in the life and social sciences and in diagnostic and screening tests were brought together to discuss and exchange new results and information on these important issues. A number of papers with applications were presented and especially lively discussions ensued involving the critical issues and difficulties in using and interpreting diagnostic tests and implementing mass screening programs. Both frequentist and Bayesian approaches were employed. The importance of predicting or controlling future events such as survival, comparative survival and survival post intervention for a disease or even for certain biological or natural events is growing rapidly. This area of concern was also represented by participants who presented work that devised predictive methodology for a variety of problems mainly from a Bayesian perspective.

Diagnosis and Risk Prediction of Periodontal Diseases (Axelsson, Per, Axelsson Series on Preventive Dentistry, V. 3.)

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Diagnosis and Risk Prediction of Periodontal Diseases (Axelsson, Per, Axelsson Series on Preventive Dentistry, V. 3.)
Per Axelsson
Manufacturer: Quintessence Publishing (IL)
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

General | Dentistry | Medicine | Subjects | Books

Periodontics | Dentistry | Medicine | Subjects | Books

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ASIN: 0867153636

Differentielle Diagnostizierbarkeit in der psychologischen Diagnostik: Theoret. u. empir. Unters. mit Moderatoren

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Differentielle Diagnostizierbarkeit in der psychologischen Diagnostik: Theoret. u. empir. Unters. mit Moderatoren
Reinhold Jager
Manufacturer: Verlag fur Psychologie Hogrefe
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Perfect Paperback

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ASIN: 3801701344

Book Description

The 10-billion-year-old metropolis of Diaspar is humanity's last home. Alone among immortals, the only man born in 10 million years desperately wants to find what lies beyond the City. His quest will uncover the destiny of a people-and a galaxy. This book also includes the classic short story Jupiter V.

Customer Reviews:

Technically Clarke's first novel?.......2007-05-09

As I understand it, Clarke started plotting this novel out early in WW2 before he volunteered for the RAF. This would then technically make it his earliest novel- even though it didn't get published until 1953 by the legendary Gnome Press (first of the dedicated science fiction publishing houses.)

Clarke would later feel compelled to extensively rewrite this novel and release it under a different title (The City and the Stars.) Personally I prefer this version. The Technology is set over a ten billion years into the future so a mere 50 years or so since it was first published doesn't really "date" it.

This book doesn't share the high degree of hard science fiction detail that you find in most of his books. The technology is so advanced (machines never break down and read your mind to know what you want of them)that it seems more like magic. In fact, there is a statement that there are no more engineers in the world of the future since once the master robots started building themselves- and everything else- they were no longer needed and engineers faded away. I can identify with that, why work a thankless, unappreciated, arduous pursuit like engineering if the machines can do it better?

The cosmic sweep of this novel over vast intervals of time and the entire universe reads more like an Olaf Stapledon novel (a British science fiction author that died in 1950 and whose works Clarke was no doubt familiar with.)

If you like old-fashion space operas about the lost glories of the galactic Empire this book still weaves that classic atmosphere.

Grand book, would read more from Clarke.......2007-01-10

Thoroughly enjoyable, my first read from ACC. Not the longest book, but he does present a good storyline within the pages.

A little too open ended for my tastes........2005-05-18

Alvin had grown beyond the pleasures of his world, Diaspar. I expect he saw them as indolent, apathetic, soft, and disinterested. He may even have perceived them as pathetic. In any event, he certainly didn't share his people's terror of the world beyond their city. Lys was much more to his liking and, indeed, may have persuaded him to stay permanently had he not hatched the plan of stealing the machine to retain the memories that the Lysians wanted to wipe out.

As a pure hard-core science fiction entry, the tale was great - high speed mass transit using "sidewalks", faster-than-light travel, robots accepting voice and telepathic commands with built-in programming overrides and safety features, rocket ships, skyscrapers that are literally "sky scrapers", mass with properties different than the solid, liquid, gas paradigm of the day and so on. All of these speak to Clarke's vision and imagination. Some real vision on the soft sci-fi side as well - the obvious need for a reduction in birth rate to coincide with the reduction in mortality rates as health improves and longevity increases, the differing paths that evolution can take, the effect of isolationist policies, the inability of people to accept change in the face of long-standing tradition and "religious" ideas and so on.

That's it, though. Unfortunately, I give the book overall (at least, for me) a failing grade!

While the ideas are timeless and the book could easily have been written yesterday with only minor modifications in the science, I thought the overall plot was weak and watery - an obvious prelude to the Odyssey and Rama series. In my humble opinion, Clarke is perennially unable or unwilling to provide a real or hypothesized source to his artifacts and is equally unwilling to provide a real resolution to the questions posed by the artifacts. Where does Alvin go from here? What is he likely to encounter? Why would he choose to do what he does? There are also several plot questions that remained, for me, annoyingly unresolved - namely, where the heck did Alvin come from? Was he born - if so, how? Was he hatched - if so, how and perhaps even more important, why? Lys's belief that Rorden was somehow more trustworthy than Alvin in keeping the secret of their existence seems to me naïve at best, misplaced at worst and a feeble plot contrivance to allow the story to move forward. Who was Alaine of Lyndar and why did the story that unfolded with Alvin not happen with Alaine? If the climate of earth has evolved to the point that the hydrological cycle is so totally trashed and the oceans are non-existent, how does Clarke figure that humanity would survive that? With records as extraordinary as those to which Rorden had access, it seems impossible to conceive that Shalmirane, a weapon capable of destroying a moon whose orbit had decayed to the point it was "falling", would ever be relegated in history to a legendary battle with space invaders.

I've always been unable to figure out why Clarke is perceived as such an icon in the field of science fiction! Some fellow readers tell me that some of these questions get answered in The City and the Stars. That may be so but it didn't help me out with this one, I'm afraid.

Good clean fun.......2004-10-30

Later rewritten and published as THE CITY AND THE STARS, the original version is charming and intriguing. Somewhat quaint, perhaps, by today's standards, this science fiction-mystery makes a virtue of initiative and includes many traditional 1950s themes such as telepathy, robots and star travel. Generally areligious (although obviously materialistic, it contains only one passing snide remark towards religion) and without sexual themes or foul language (which mars so much of modern science fiction), this book is appropriate for youth as well as adults.

Clarke's usual dim view of mankind.......2004-07-06

Once again, this is a fearful and brilliant vision of the triumph of a future of material values; and, typical of Clarke, it is a story in which the last spark of human spirit rebels against conformity and ignites a new flame of freedom.

It's a wonderful book for people who like this sort of book; i.e., the premise is that humans are basically too dumb to accomplish much of anything without getting a kick-start from some vastly-superior all-knowing eternally-wise civilization. It's a good story of one-dimensional characters encountering a faceless perfection; for an analogy, think of a world in which everyone is a clone of the Stepford Wives without their wit, wisdom or waxy perfection.

It does raise the question -- What would life be like if it was perfect? Clarke doesn't offer an answer, except for one young lad who wants to know more than the limits of perfect knowledge. The first two-thirds of the book set out the usual dazzling Clarke scenario; the final third degenerates into the "life is more than you can understand" formula. His city of perfection is neatly packaged in one megalopis, perhaps somewhat like the Paolo Soleri vision of FutureWorld; the element that upsets me is the assumption this vastly superior technology can't nurture a pot of geraniums outside its rigid borders.

In my view, humans always test the limits of the possible and permissable. Clarke assumes a human future where people don't color outside the lines; in contrast, anyone who's been in prison (I assume Clarke hasn't; every month I work with a dozen or so people just out of prison) knows the impossibility of living inside a closed door or blank wall.

Clarke is a classy writer, he tells intriguing stories. Personally, I don't like his sense of pessimism and deus ex machina escapism to explain the vicissitudes of mankind; but, for those who think humans need a marvelous or malevant mechanical miracle to explain our faults, future or follies . . . . Clarke is very good.

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Against the Fall of Night

Manufacturer: Pyramid Books
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Mass Market Paperback

Clarke, Arthur C. | ( C ) | Authors, A-Z | Science Fiction & Fantasy | Subjects | Books
ASIN: B000EHLL5C

Product Description

From Back Cover : - Destiny in the hands of a boy - A terrifying choice faced the boy, Alvin. For millions of years his people had remained content behind the barrier of the wasteland, obeying the warning of the records: Leave the city and the Invaders will return from beyond the stars...bringing ultimate doom. Hidden behind the records was another truth - and the boy sensed it. The long slow peace was a long slow death for his race unless he, Alvin, could accept the aweful challenge. Abandoning the safety of Diasper, Alvin made his choice - embarking on a voyage that gambled the fate of all mankind against all eternity.

The lion of Comarre & Against the fall of night

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The lion of Comarre & Against the fall of night
Arthur Charles Clarke
Manufacturer: Harcourt, Brace & World
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
ASIN: B0006BW25E

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AGAINST THE FALL OF NIGHT
Arthur C. Clarke
Manufacturer: Pyramid Books
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
ASIN: B000R96HPG

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AGAINST THE FALL OF NIGHT
Arthur C. Clarke
Manufacturer: Pyramid
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Mass Market Paperback
ASIN: B000ULZ1BC

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Against the Fall of Night

Manufacturer: Doubleday & Company, Inc
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
ASIN: B000HT6MQK

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Against the Fall of Night
Arthur C Clarke
Manufacturer: Permabooks
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
ASIN: B000Q8V7LC

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Against the Fall of Night
Arthur C. Clarke
Manufacturer: New York Pyramid 1970.
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
ASIN: B000LTQEJG

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AGAINST THE FALL OF NIGHT
ARTHUR C. CLARKE
Manufacturer: PYRAMID BOOKS
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
ASIN: B000GT8LOM

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Against the Fall of Night
Arthur C. Clarke
Manufacturer: Pyramid Books
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
ASIN: 0515022810

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