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Proctor and Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace, 5th Edition
Gloria J. Hathaway , and
Nick H. Proctor
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Physical and Biological Hazards of the Workplace
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Environmental and Occupational Medicine
ASIN: 0471268836 |
Book Description
The indispensable resource for health professionals on potentially unsafe chemicals--now fully updated
Proctor and Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace, Fifth Edition provides a comprehensive reference text for health professionals who need toxicology data on chemicals that may be encountered in various work settings. Building on the success of the Fourth Edition-already a standard text-this new edition updates and revises the more than 600 entries of that text, and also adds monographs on new compounds.
Introductory chapters cover toxicological concepts, clinical manifestations of exposure, the diagnosis of occupational disease, and industrial hygiene aspects of chemical exposures. The rest of the text consists of more than 625 alphabetically arranged entries on individual compounds, each of which includes:
* Chemical formula
* CAS number
* 2003 ACGIH (American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists) threshold limit value
* Synonyms
* Physical properties
* Sources of exposure
* Routes of exposure
* Toxicological data
The toxicological data includes both acute and chronic effects, especially as related to any known exposure levels. The data emphasizes human studies and cases over animal data whenever sufficient information is available, and addresses any known carcinogenic, mutagenic, fetotoxic, or other reproductive effects. Clinical information is presented in a succinct narrative form to aid in understanding.
Easy to use, in-depth, and comprehensive, Proctor and Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace, Fifth Edition offers occupational health physicians, nurses, industrial hygienists, and other safety professionals an invaluable and up-to-date resource.
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Proctor and Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace (Industrial Health & Safety)
Gloria J. Hathaway ,
Nick H. Proctor , and
James P. MD Hughes
Manufacturer: Van Nostrand Reinhold
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0442020503 |
Book Description
Proctor & Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace Fourth Edition Gloria J. Hathaway • Nick H. Proctor • James P. Hughes For professionals in occupational health and related fields, one reference guide has earned a reputation as the indispensable resource on unsafe chemicals: Proctor and Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. The legacy continues with this new edition; offering accurate, up-to-the-minute analyses of over 600 potentially dangerous chemicals all in a streamlined format that lets you find crucial information quickly and put it to work immediately. Since the previous edition of Proctor and Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace, more extensive research (including an increased number of human studies) has led to a better understanding of which chemicals are dangerous in a work environment and why. To reflect the latest advances and regulatory standards, this new edition incorporates:
- Coverage of 60 new chemicals
- Updated monographs
- More data on acute and chronic effects (especially as related to known exposure levels)
- Expanded information on carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reproductive effects
- More human studies, replacing animal data whenever possible, to provide data more relevant to occupational exposure
- 1995 Threshold Limit Values, the latest assessments available for amounts permitted in the workplace
- New treatment protocols whenever available
- New information on medical surveillance techniques (including biological monitoring) and exposure prevention
The proven Proctor and Hughes' format makes the following essential information supremely accessible:
- For each chemical, the book provides a concise profile, including the chemical formula, CAS number, Threshold Limit Value, synonyms, physical properties, sources of exposure, and routes of exposure.
- Specific information on dose responses, target organs, signs and symptoms of exposure, as well as carcinogenic, mutagenic and fetotoxic status, is highlighted.
- Thorough cross-referencing and a complete index make information easy to locate.
- First-source references point the way to more detailed information.
- Introductory sections review concepts of toxicology, clinical manifestations of toxic exposure, occupational disease diagnosis, and important aspects of industrial hygiene.
No occupational health professional should be without the new Fourth Edition of Proctor and Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace.
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Chemical Hazards in the Workplace
Ronald M. Scott
Manufacturer: CRC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0873711343 |
Book Description
This new book introduces you to Industrial Toxicology - and is especially valuable for the engineer, scientists, or manager with responsibility - but no previous education or experience in the subject. Very "User Friendly." Text at the upper undergraduate and graduate level.
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Chemical Hazards in the Workplace: Measurement and Control (ACS symposium series)
G. Choudhary
Manufacturer: Amer Chemical Society
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Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0841206082 |
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Chemical hazards of the workplace
Nick H Proctor
Manufacturer: Lippincott, Science Information Resource Center
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Unknown Binding
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ASIN: 0397530250 |
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List of MAK and BAT Values 1994: Maximum Concentrations and Biological Tolerance Values at the Workplace. Report No. 30 (MAK & BAT Values)
Manufacturer: Wiley-VCH
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ASIN: 3527275649 |
Book Description
MAK values (Maximum Concentrations at the Workplace) and BAT values (Biological Tolerance Values) promote the protection of health at the workplace. They are used in occupational medicine for the risk- assessment of hazardous substances. The core of this report is a list of MAK values for more than 500 chemical compounds frequently detected at the workplace. Annotations are made for skin absorption, sensitization, pregnancy, genetic damage, peak limitation category, etc. Carcinogens are considered in detail seperately. The list is revised annually. 1994 in the focus of attention: respiratory allergens, MAK values and pregnancy and inorganic fibrous dust particles.
The report is absolutely recommendable reading for toxicologists, chemists, industrial physicians and in a wider sense for all involved in the establishment of health and safety regulations.
Book Description
MAK values (Maximum Concentrations at the Workplace) and BAT values (Biological Tolerance Values) promote the protection of health at the workplace. They are an efficient indicator for the toxic potential of chemical compounds. This book contains a list of scientifically recommended threshold limit values for more than 600 chemical compounds. Carcinogens, germ cell mutagens, embryotoxicants, sensitizing substances and those potentially bearing a risk to pregnancy are treated separately. The evaluations are revised annually by a commission of experts.
The report is commendable reading for toxicologists, industrial physicians, chemists and for all involved in the establishment of health and safety regulations.
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Microbial Degradation of Natural Products
Manufacturer: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
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Binding: Paperback
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ASIN: 3527283544 |
Book Description
This handbook gives valuable information on how, and to what extent, natural products can be degraded by various selected microorganisms. Biochemical and genetic aspects of the different bacterial and fungal strains that occur in nature or in collections are thoroughly covered. Prepared as a reference source of microorganisms and their potential applications, the book places particular emphasis on the diversity of organisms. In addition, it describes the activity of the various enzymes involved, many of which are already used in the manufacturing and improvement of food.
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Biochemistry and Genetics of Cellulose Degradation (Fems Symposium, No 43)
J. P. Aubert , and
P. Beguin
Manufacturer: Academic Pr
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ASIN: 0120675757 |
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- A very comprehensive, current guide to biodegradation
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Biochemistry of Microbial Degradation
Manufacturer: Springer
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ASIN: 0792322738 |
Book Description
This book brings together a number of comprehensive accounts of the mechanisms whereby microorganisms are able to degrade a wide variety of compounds. These compounds range from petroleum-derived materials, which continue to predominate in questions of environmental contamination and pollution, to the degradation of the major natural materials that microorganisms may encounter in all types of habitat. Both aerobic and anaerobic modes of attack are covered. The emphasis in all the chapters is upon the underlying biochemical pathways that microorganisms use: differences between bacteria, yeasts and moulds are highlighted whenever opportune and uses of microbial consortia for attack on the most recalcitrant molecules is also well documented. Activity of microorganisms in the soil, groundwater and marine environments are all dealt with here. The book will be of value and interest to all whose work brings them into direct or even indirect contact with the results of microbial degradations. The consequences of microbial degradations may be beneficial as well as deletrious: an advantage with some compounds, a decided disadvantage with others. The basis by which microorganisms achieve these attacks then provides the vital knowledge that will accelerate the former and, hopefully, retard the latter. For the first time the pathways of microbial degradations of all major classes of compounds are covered in a single volume. The diversity of microbial activities are clearly described and current advances in the applications of biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, enzyme chemistry and engineering feature in almost every chapter.
Customer Reviews:
A very comprehensive, current guide to biodegradation.......1999-03-18
I have not read this book yet, however, the chapter on biodegradation of inorganic nitrogen compounds is of most interest to me. I would like Mr. J.A. Cole or Mr. Colin Ratledge to contact me, through the above e mail, to see if I can get a copy of this chapter only.
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Microbial Degradation of Organic Compounds (Microbiology Series)
Manufacturer: Marcel Dekker
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ASIN: 0824771028 |
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Soil Biology and Biochemistry, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Human activity has increased the amount of N entering terrestrial ecosystems from atmospheric NO"3^- deposition. High levels of inorganic N are known to suppress the expression of phenol oxidase, an important lignin-degrading enzyme produced by white-rot fungi. We hypothesized that chronic NO"3^- additions would decrease the flow of C through the heterotrophic soil food web by inhibiting phenol oxidase and the depolymerization of lignocellulose. This would likely reduce the availability of C from lignocellulose for metabolism by the microbial community. We tested this hypothesis in a mature northern hardwood forest in northern Michigan, which has received experimental atmospheric N deposition (30kgNO"3^--Nha^-^1y^-^1) for nine years. In a laboratory study, we amended soils with ^1^3C-labeled vanillin, a monophenolic product of lignin depolymerization, and ^1^3C-labeled cellobiose, a disaccharide product of cellulose degradation. We then traced the flow of ^1^3C through the microbial community and into soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial respiration. We simultaneously measured the activity of enzymes responsible for lignin (phenol oxidase and peroxidase) and cellobiose (@b-glucosidase) degradation. Nitrogen deposition reduced phenol oxidase activity by 83% and peroxidase activity by 74% when compared to control soils. In addition, soil C increased by 76%, whereas microbial biomass decreased by 68% in NO"3^- amended soils. ^1^3C cellobiose in bacterial or fungal PLFAs was unaffected by NO"3^- deposition; however, the incorporation of ^1^3C vanillin in fungal PLFAs extracted from NO"3^- amended soil was 82% higher than in the control treatment. The recovery of ^1^3C vanillin and ^1^3C cellobiose in SOC, DOC, microbial biomass, and respiration was not different between control and NO"3^- amended treatments. Chronic NO"3^- deposition has stemmed the flow of C through the heterotrophic soil food web by inhibiting the activity of ligninolytic enzymes, but it increased the assimilation of vanillin into fungal PLFAs.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Soil Biology and Biochemistry, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Previously isolated bacterial strains for chlorpyrifos and fenamiphos degradation were used to examine their potential as bioremedial agents in soils and water containing pesticide residues. Both, chlorpyrifos-degrading Enterobacter sp and fenamiphos-degrading consortium rapidly degraded pesticides when inoculated into natural and sterile water and soils. Degradation rate was slower in lower pH soils in comparison with natural and alkaline soils. Soil organic matter had no impact on pesticide degrading ability of isolates. Soil moisture
<40% of maximum water-holding capacity slowed down degradation rate. The bacterial isolates were able to rapidly degrade fenamiphos and chlorpyrifos between 15 and 35^oC but their degradation ability was sharply reduced at 5 and 50^oC. Both groups of bacterial systems were also able to remove a range of pesticide degradation. An inoculum density of 10^4 cellsg^-^1 of soil was required for initiating rapid growth and degradation. Ageing of pesticide in soils prior to inoculation produced contrasting results. Ageing of fenamiphos had no impact on subsequent degradation by the inoculated consortium. However, degradation of chlorpyrifos by Enterobacter sp after aging resulted in persistence of ~10% of pesticide in soil matrix. Higher K"o"c value of chlorpyrifos may have resulted in a lack of bioavailability of a smaller percentage of chlorpyrifos to degrading bacteria. Overall, this paper confirms bioremedial potential of a fenamiphos degrading consortium and a chlorpyrifos degrading bacterium under different soil and water characteristics.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Soil Biology and Biochemistry, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Rapid biodegradation of Cadusafos in a soil from a previously treated greenhouse site from the area of Vasilika in Northern Greece was observed using both incubation and bioassay studies with nematodes. The slow rates of Cadusafos degradation observed in soils from the previously treated site after sterilization with chloroform and also in soils from an adjacent previously untreated site suggested that soil microorganisms adapted to metabolize Cadusafos were responsible for its rapid dissipation. Fumigation of the soil from the previously treated site with methyl bromide (MB) 9 months prior to the experimental addition of Cadusafos (4@mgg^-^1) only temporarily inhibited degradation of Cadusafos, unlike metham sodium (MS) whose application significantly hampered degradation of the nematicide. However, when the time interval between fumigation of soil from the previously treated greenhouse with MB and MS and the experimental application of Cadusafos was minimized to 20d, both fumigants halted the rapid degradation of the nematicide. The transient inhibitory effect of MB on the microbial degradation of subsequent Cadusafos applications was attributed to the recovery of the soil microflora within 9 months. In contrast, the persistent inhibitory effect of MS on the microbial degradation of Cadusafos might have been caused by the adverse effects of the fumigant on the microorganisms, which were responsible for the rapid degradation of Cadusafos in the specific soil, although this was not tested in this study. According to these findings, the combined application of MS as a pre-planting treatment with a post-planting application of Cadusafos would maximize the biological efficacy of the non-fumigant nematicide by extending its persistence and preventing the development of enhanced biodegradation for organophosphorus nematicides such Cadusafos.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Soil Biology and Biochemistry, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
The effects of modified heavy metal (HM) availability on the microbial community structure and on the microbe-mediated degradation of herbicide isoproturon (IPU) were evaluated in soil with a long-term HM contamination. The fate of ^1^4C-ring labelled IPU was investigated for over 60 days under controlled microcosm conditions. Phosphate mineral apatite and a water solution of Pb, Zn, and Cd salts were previously homogeneously mixed into the soil material to reduce and to increase the proportion of bioavailable HM, respectively. The availability of Pb, Zn, and Cd was determined by HM fractionation and plant uptake 110 days after the addition of amendments, shortly before IPU addition. Apatite treatment reduced the availability of HM, but did not affect the microbial biomass and the microbial community structure on the genotype level (total soil DNA-RAPD). However, it changed the microbial community structure on the phenotype level, based on the composition of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) at the end of the degradation experiment. The degradation of IPU did not change. In contrast to apatite treatment, HM supplementation increased the bioavailability of Pb, Zn and Cd, which resulted in biomass reduction and changes of microbial community structure on the genotypic (total soil DNA-RAPD) and phenotypic (PLFA) level. Increased bioavailability of HM also significantly reduced the rate of IPU degradation and mineralisation. The total mineralisation over a period of 60 days decreased from 12 to 5% of initial ^1^4C. Increased HM bioavailability did not influence the degradation pathways and kinetics of IPU.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Soil Biology and Biochemistry, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
The phytoremediation of xenobiotics depends upon plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere, but the extent and intensity of these effects are currently unknown. To investigate rhizosphere effects on the biodegradation of xenobiotics, a glasshouse experiment was conducted using a specially designed rhizobox where ryegrass seedlings were grown for 53 days in a soil spiked with pentachlorophenol (PCP) at concentrations of 8.7+/-0.5 and 18+/-0.5mgkg^-^1 soil. The soil in the rhizobox was divided into six separate compartments at various distances from the root surface. Changes in PCP concentrations with increasing distance from the root compartment of the rhizobox were then assessed. The largest and most rapid loss of PCP in planted soil was at 3mm from the root zone where total PCP decreased to 0.20 and 0.65mgkg^-^1, respectively with the two PCP treatments. The degradation gradient followed the order: near-rhizosphere>root compartment>far-rhizosphere soil zones for both concentrations where ryegrass was grown. In contrast, there was no difference in PCP concentration with distance in the unplanted soil. The increases in both soil microbial biomass carbon and the activities of soil urease and phosphatase were accompanied by the enhanced degradation of PCP, which was higher in the near-rhizosphere than far-rhizosphere soil. The results suggest that the effect of root proximity is important in the degradation of xenobiotics such as PCP in soil.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Soil Biology and Biochemistry, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Toxic compounds in soils threaten groundwater quality in two ways: as potential contaminants themselves, and by retarding the microbial degradation of other organic compounds, thus enhancing their deep penetration. Benzotriazole (BTA) is a chemical with versatile industrial applications, used in large quantities worldwide, and represents a potential threat to the environment due to its apparent toxicity and recalcitrance. When used as an additive in aircraft deicing/antiicing fluid on airports, substantial spills of these mixtures and jet fuel will inevitably reach the soil. We have investigated the subsoil (1-2m depth) microbial degradation and growth on four relevant organic substrates found in airport run-off (acetate, formate, glycol and toluene) in the presence of concentrations of BTA which can be found in airport run-off. Monitoring CO"2 evolution showed growth-dependent degradation rates for all substrates (sigmoid CO"2 accumulation curves), which were significantly affected by BTA. The mineralization of acetate was only moderately retarded and only by the highest BTA concentration used (400mgl^-^1 in soil solution); formate and glycol mineralization was substantially retarded at 200mgl^-^1, and toluene mineralization already at 10mgl^-^1 BTA. Mass balances (fraction of added C recovered as CO"2) suggested that the microbial growth yield (g biomass-C formed per g substrate C) was severely reduced with increasing concentrations of BTA. The analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) demonstrated that Gram-negative bacteria were dominating among the organisms growing on all four substrates. The total amount of PLFA increased with approximately 1000pmolPLFAg^-^1 soil in response to a dose of 0.93@mmolglycol-Cg^-^1 soil, but this increase was gradually reduced with increasing BTA concentrations. This was in agreement with C mass balances based on CO"2 measurements, verifying that BTA severely reduced the growth yields. The response of individual PLFA's to BTA and substrates demonstrated that non-growing organisms were largely unaffected (i.e. the PLFA's of which the absolute amounts did not increase in response to substrates were not affected by BTA), whereas those which were growing on the added substrates were uniformly reduced by BTA (all the PLFA's which increased in response to the substrates were negatively affected by BTA). The results suggest that BTA functions as an uncoupler, i.e. a substance that reduces the yield of ATP per mole of substrate used, or that the defence mechanisms represent a large energy burden to all microbial cells.
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![Atmospheric nitrate deposition and the microbial degradation of cellobiose and vanillin in a northern hardwood forest [An article from: Soil Biology and Biochemistry]](http://ec1.images-amazon.com/images/I/21ZWGQP1YHL.jpg)