Methods of X-ray and Neutron Scattering in Polymer Science (Topics in Polymer Science)

Book Description

Methods of X-ray and Neutron Scattering in Polymer Science presents the basic theories underlying x-ray and neutron scattering--two of the most powerful tools for characterizing materials--and also covers the various techniques that have been developed for their application to the study of polymers. While there is a great deal of similarity between the x-ray and neutron scattering methods, the two were developed in different time periods by different groups of scientists, and as a result very distinct terminologies evolved to explain the same phenomena. In this unique text the two are presented together from the very beginning, with a consistent set of symbols and terminologies, so that students can become equally familiar with both from the outset. Also, to help students gain a unified view of diffraction, the distinction between wide-angle diffraction and small-angle scattering is postponed until late in the text. Methods of X-ray and Neutron Scattering in Polymer Science emphasizes basic concepts rather than details of specific techniques and derives relationships from first premises wherever possible. Beginning with coverage of the basic properties of x-rays and neutrons and their scattering from matter, it goes on to discuss methods of studying specific types of samples or properties. Topics covered include single-component crystalline and amorphous polymers; the small-angle scattering technique; binary, single-phase systems such as polymer blend and polymer solution; the technique of reflectivity measurement; and polymer dynamics by means of inelastic neutron scattering. A perfect introductory textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in polymer science,Methods of X-ray and Neutron Scattering in Polymer Science also serves as a helpful self-study tool for polymer scientists seeking an introduction to scattering techniques. Further reading lists at the end of each chapter encourage readers to explore more advanced topics on their own.

Customer Reviews:

Useful guide on scattering for Polymer Scientists .......2006-06-07

Ryoung-Joon Roe presents a handy reference and introduction to x-ray and neutron scattering, where emphasis is placed on using a terminology that helps the reader learn about both the techniques simultaenously. Scattering has served as one of the most important characterization tools for polymer community. This book outlines the basic mathematics and experimental details required to understand the structure and properties as revealed by these scattering methods in: crystalline and amorphous polymers, polymer solutions and blends, polymer dynamics and block copolymers. While emphasis is placed on demonstrating how all scattering shares similar theories and philosophy, the choice of several examples and applications of either techniques is used to remark on aspects peculiar to either X-ray studies or Neutron Scattering.

Since most serious students of polymer science are familiar with light scattering, the book would appeal them as perfect guide to familiarize themselves with limits and use of neutron and X-ray scattering. A more detailed discussion on Polymers and Neutron Scattering is found in the classic text by Julia S. Higgins and Henry C. Beno^it, while for Light Scatttering texts by Pecora & Berne and by Wyn Brown are essential references. Compared to those classic references, Roe's text will appear as more accessible to people seeking introduction to scattering methods. By the same token, it contains only the essence, the flavor of aspects of polymer behavior, say crystallization, surface studies or dynamics, and one will need to delve into the other texts if he seeks exhaustive discussion.

Neutron, X-rays and Light. Scattering Methods Applied to Soft Condensed Matter (North-Holland Delta Series)

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Neutron, X-rays and Light. Scattering Methods Applied to Soft Condensed Matter (North-Holland Delta Series)

Manufacturer: North Holland
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0444511229

Book Description

Scattering experiments, using X-ray, light and neutron sources (in historical order) are key techniques for studying structure and dynamics in systems containing colliods, polymers, surfactants and biological macromolecules, summarized here as soft condensed matter. The education in this field in Europe is very heterogeneous and frequently inadequate, which severely limits an efficient use of these methods, especially at large-scale facilities. The series of "Bombannes" schools and the completely revised and updated second edition of the lecture notes are devoted to a practical approach to current methodology of static and dynamic techiques. Basic information on data interpretation, on the complementarity of the different types of radiation, as well as information on recent applications and developments is presented. The aim is to avoid over - as well as under-exploitation of data.

Book Description

Wastewater Organisms contains 210 high-quality full-color micrographs to help you identify organisms found in sewage and sludge. These photos provide the maximum level of detail and will help you better understand the form and dimension of the organisms. Subjects depicted in the micrographs include bacteria, eggs, amoeba, parasitic protozoa, tardigrada (water bears), rotifers, ciliates, parasitic helminths, pollen grain, free-living nematodes, algae, flagellates, and more. There is a chapter on enumeration which provides literature and techniques for fixing and staining, techniques often required for identification to the species level. The book also contains a valuable glossary and index to make the book even easier to use. Wastewater Organisms is an indispensable reference for wastewater managers and supervisors, wastewater operators, environmental consultants, practicing engineers, regulatory agency personnel at all levels of government, and libraries.

Customer Reviews:

An excellent Atlas Identification.......2000-07-19

Este atlas en una excelente guia de identificación para hidrobiologos que se dedican a la evaluación de los sistemas de tratamiento de aguas residuales a través de la presencia de ciertas comunidades de plankton.

Directed Evolution Library Creation: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology)

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Directed Evolution Library Creation: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology)

Manufacturer: Humana Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Directed Enzyme Evolution: Screening and Selection Methods (Methods in Molecular Biology)

ASIN: 1588292851

Book Description

A comprehensive compendium of cutting-edge protocols for the generation of molecular diversity. Described in step-by-step detail to ensure experimental success, these protocols include readily reproducible methods for random mutagenesis of entire genes or segments of genes, for homologous and nonhomologus recombination, and for constructing in vivo libraries in bacteria and yeast. In addition to the various protocols for creating libraries, this volume also describes ways to analyze libraries, particularly those made by recombination. An accompanying volume, Directed Enzyme Evolution: Screening and Selection Methods (ISBN: 1-58829-286-X), is devoted entirely to selection and screening methods that can be applied to the directed evolution of enzymes.

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Directed Evolution Library Creation: Methods and Protocols and Directed Enzyme Evolution: Screening and Selection Methods constitute an extraordinary collection of all the key methods used today for directed evolution research. Described in step-by-step detail to ensure robust experimental results, these methods will enable both newcomers and more experienced investigators to design and implement directed evolution strategies for the engineering of novel proteins. The first volume describes methods for the creation of mutated DNA molecules, or DNA libraries, encoding variants of desired proteins. The second volume describes methods for screening DNA libraries to isolate mutant proteins that exhibit a specified function.

Antibiotic Resistance: Origins, Evolution, Selection and Spread - No. 207 (CIBA Foundation Symposia Series)

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Antibiotic Resistance: Origins, Evolution, Selection and Spread - No. 207 (CIBA Foundation Symposia Series)
CIBA Foundation Symposium
Manufacturer: John Wiley & Sons
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0471971057

Book Description

Antibiotic Resistance: Origins, Evolution, Selection and Spread Chairman: Stuart B. Levy 1997 Over the last 50 years, the rapid increase in the use of antibiotics, not only in people, but also in animal husbandry and agriculture, has delivered a selection unprecedented in the history of evolution. Consequently, society is facing one of its gravest public health problems-the emergence of infectious bacteria with resistance to many, and in some cases all, available antibiotics. This book brings together a multidisciplinary group of experts to discuss this problem. It begins by examining the origins of resistance and goes on to look at how the use of antibiotics in human medicine and farming/agriculture has selected for resistant bacteria. Separate chapters describe the evolution of resistance determinants and how these are spread both within and between bacterial species. Finally, the book contains discussions on strategies for countering the threat of antibiotic resistance. A major re-thinking of our approach to the treatment of infectious diseases is proposed-that antibiotic resistance should be seen as a problem created by the disruption of normal microbial ecology. To restore efficacy to earlier antibiotics, and to maintain the success of new antibiotics that are introduced, we need to use these drugs in a way that ensures an ecological balance that favours the predominance of susceptible bacteria.

The Theory of the Chemostat: Dynamics of Microbial Competition (Cambridge Studies in Mathematical Biology)

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The Theory of Chemostat:Dynamics of Microbial Competition
The Theory of Chemostat:Dynamics of Microbial Competition

The Theory of the Chemostat: Dynamics of Microbial Competition (Cambridge Studies in Mathematical Biology)
Hal L. Smith , and Paul Waltman
Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0521470277

Book Description

The chemostat is a basic piece of laboratory apparatus, yet it has begun to occupy an increasingly central role in ecological studies. The ecological environment created by a chemostat is one of the few completely controlled experimental systems for testing microbial growth and competition. As a tool in biotechnology, the chemostat plays an important role in bioprocessing. This book presents the theory of the chemostat as a model for larger ecological problems such as food chains, competition along a gradient, competition in the presence of an inhibitor, and the effects of time varying inputs. Mathematical models that take account of size structure, variable yields, and diffusion are also considered. The basic phenomena are modeled and analyzed using the dynamical systems approach. New directions for research and open problems are discussed. Six appendices provide an elementary description of the necessary mathematical tools.

Customer Reviews:

The Theory of Chemostat:Dynamics of Microbial Competition.......1999-12-31

"The best mathematical book I've ever read, Hal is truly the best".

The Theory of Chemostat:Dynamics of Microbial Competition.......1999-12-31

"The best mathmatical book I've ever read, Hal is truly the best".

Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases: In Pursuit of Virulence Management (Cambridge Studies in Adaptive Dynamics)

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Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases: In Pursuit of Virulence Management (Cambridge Studies in Adaptive Dynamics)

Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0521022134

Book Description

This monograph takes stock of our current knowledge on the evolutionary ecology of infectious diseases, and sets out the goals for the management of virulent pathogens. Throughout the text, the fundamental concepts and techniques underlying the models are carefully explained in a unique series of integrated boxes.

Genomics and Evolution of Microbial Eukaryotes

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Genomics and Evolution of Microbial Eukaryotes

Manufacturer: Oxford University Press, USA
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0198569742

Book Description

Genomics and Evolution of Eukaryotic Microbes synthesizes the rapidly emerging fields of eukaryotic diversity and genome evolution. Eukaryotes, cells with nuclei, evolved as microbes and have existed on Earth for approximately two billion years. The tremendous diversity of eukaryotic microbes (protists) is often overlooked by those who study the macroscopic eukaryotic lineages: plants, animals, and fungi. Yet, eukaryotic microbes are of critical importance to ecosystems, human health, and our desire to understand biodiversity on Earth. By bringing together groundbreaking data from genome studies of diverse eukaryotic microbes, this book elucidates the many novelties among eukaryotic genomes and provides a single resource for otherwise widely dispersed information. Eukaryotic microorganisms impact both our health and our environment. These organisms include some of the deadliest known pathogens such as iPlasmodium falciparum/i causative agent of malaria, and iEntamoeba histolytica/i an agent of dysentery. Eukaryotic microbes also play a significant role in environments through their involvement in global biogeochemical cycles. Such roles are perhaps best exemplified by the, coccolithophores including the species iEmiliania huxleyi/i, which can create 'blooms' in the oceans that are visible from outer space (i.e. as large as the state of Alaska). Despite the great importance and breadth of eukaryotic microbes (the vast majority of major ukaryotic lineages are microbial, with plants, animals and fungi representing just three of an estimated 60-200 major lineages), our understanding of their diversity, and phylogeny is only now rapidly expanding, in part bolstered by genomic studies. This book presents analyses and interpretations from experts in the field. Recent advances, particularly in DNA sequencing technologies, have made eukaryotic microbes more accessible through genome analyses. Unravelling the wealth of information on eukaryotic genomes will invariably revolutionize our understanding of eukaryotes, including their physiology, systematics, and ecology.

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A scientific tour de force

Maternal Effects As Adaptations

Manufacturer: Oxford University Press, USA
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 019511163X

Book Description

Mothers have the ability to profoundly affect the quality of their offspring--from the size and quality of their eggs to where, when, and how eggs and young are placed, and from providing for and protecting developing young to choosing a mate. In many instances, these maternal effects may be the single most important contributor to variation in offspring fitness. This book explores the wide variety of maternal effects that have evolved in plants and animals as mechanisms of adaptation to temporally and spatially heterogeneous environments. Topics range from the evolutionary implications of maternal effects to the assessment and measurement of maternal effects. Four detailed case studies are also included. This book represents the first synthesis of the current state of knowledge concerning the evolution of maternal effects and their adaptive significance.

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A scientific tour de force.......2000-06-16

A momentus conceptually driven volume packed with profound works from the undisputed leaders in this groundbreaking area of research.

Book Description

This book is an account of some of the most malignant infectious microbes encountered by humans and the genetic disorders they spawned. It's also a tale of how scientific progress over the past 150 years is giving man the tools to fight back.

Garden of Microbial Delights: A Practical Guide to the Subvisible World

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The Best Guide to Microscopic Organisms for the Beginner

Garden of Microbial Delights: A Practical Guide to the Subvisible World
Dorion Sagan , and Lynn Margulis
Manufacturer: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0840385293

Customer Reviews:

The Best Guide to Microscopic Organisms for the Beginner.......2004-07-28

This is a fascinating book containing delightful descriptions of the microbial world. It would be hard to find a better introduction to the numerous, yet poorly known, organisms found in every conceivable part of the earth's surface and deep within its oceans and soils. Sagan and Margulis cover everything from viruses to lichens, including such weird life forms as mycoplasmas, methanogens, slime bacteria, crypters, ray beings, slime nets, cellular slime molds, sea whirlers and chytrids.

Sagan and Margulis provide a somewhat dated, but useful, annotated list of references and enough detail about the biology and observation of these organisms to whet the appetite for more. A short chapter on collecting and culturing the microbes is augmented by comments on collection and culture within the discussions of each taxon.

If I have a criticism (other than the fact that the taxonomy is somewhat dated) it would be that the authors should have included a note on safety, as some of the cultures can produce pathogenic organisms. Given these occasional "nasties" it would be worthwhile to emphasize some sanitary precautions. That said, the study of microscopic life is much under rated in the United States (much more popular in Britain!) and perhaps books like "Garden of Microbial Delights," along with a recently published guide to bacteria, may correct that imbalance. It certainly would not hurt if more people became more aware of the teaming billions of organisms in their world, including a host that we depend on for our very existence. If you are at all interested in the microscopic inhabitants of the real world, even if you are not interested in observing them, you should read this book.

Microbial Ecology: Fundamentals and Applications (Life Sciences)

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Microbial Ecology: Fundamentals and Applications (Life Sciences)
Ronald M. Atlas , and Richard Bartha
Manufacturer: Benjamin-Cummings Pub Co
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0805306536

Book Description

Staying current in a discipline where advances are defined by methodological developments can be a challenge - that's why more people choose Microbial Ecology over any other resource available. The fourth edition features enhanced coverage of hot topics such as biofilms, thermal vent communities, extreme habitats, starvation response, molecular methods for studying microbial ecology, microbial biodiversity, biodegradation and bioremediation, extensive updating including the latest research findings and references, and over 45 new art and photos that illustrate complex concepts and processes.

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