Soil Water Dynamics

Book Description

This book presents a rigorous mathematical development of soil water and contaminant flow in variably saturated and saturated soils. Analytical and numerical methods are balanced: computer programs, among them MathCad and Fortran, are presented, and more than 150 practice and discussion questions are included. Students are thus exposed not only to theory but also to an array of solutions techniques. Those using the book as a reference will appreciate the careful development of basic flow equations, the inclusion of solutions and methodology currently available only in journals and proceedings volumes, and the examples and calculations directly applicable to their own work.

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Salt and Sediment Dynamics
Ian Lerche , and Kenneth Petersen
Manufacturer: CRC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 084937684X

Book Description

Salt and Sediment Dynamics presents a thorough treatment of salt and sediment interactions and the implications of such interactions for sub-salt exploration. The book emphasizes and utilizes recent discoveries on many aspects of salt and sediment interactions, provides the theoretical framework for interpreting the increasing amount of available data on salt and sediments, and develops a self-consistent dynamical evolution model of salt structures and their interaction with surrounding sediments. The model developed in the text consists of an evolving salt structure that influences sediment motion with self-consistent evolution of sediments and salt shape. The resulting stress and strain in the sediments and the thermal focusing effects of the salt are evaluated. The salt and sediments in the model are consistent with observed geometries, a result of having freely adjustable, observation-controlled model parameters. In addition, the book describes case histories in a variety of geological settings, thus explaining aspects of the genesis and development of salt structures, of their impact on sedimentary structural evolution, and of the impact of sediments on salt masses. The techniques developed by the authors expand the current state of knowledge regarding the evolution and dynamics of salt structures and increase the potential for effective sub-salt hydrocarbon exploration.

Ecohydrology of Water-Controlled Ecosystems: Soil Moisture and Plant Dynamics

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Ecohydrology of Water-Controlled Ecosystems: Soil Moisture and Plant Dynamics
Ignacio Rodríguez-Iturbe , and Amilcare Porporato
Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0521036747

Book Description

Addressing the connections between the hydrologic cycle and plant ecosystems, the authors build suitable mathematical models and apply them to studying the ecosystem structure. Response to rainfall and climate forcing is analyzed from different areas of the world, including savannas, grasslands and forests. The book will appeal to advanced students and researchers in environmental science, hydrology, ecology, earth science, civil and environmental engineering, agriculture, and atmospheric science.

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Ecohydrology of Water-controlled Ecosystems addresses the connections between the hydrologic cycle and plant ecosystems, with special emphasis on arid and semi-arid climates. This modern and important topic is treated by building suitable mathematical models of the physics involved and then applying them to study the ecosystem structure and its response to rainfall and climate forcing in different parts of the world, including savannas, grasslands and forests. It investigates the vegetation response to water stress (drought), the hydrologic control on cycles of soil nutrients, and the dynamics of plant competition for water. The book also offers insights into processes closely related to soil moisture dynamics, such as soil-atmosphere interaction and soil gas emissions. This book will appeal to advanced students and researchers from a large range of disciplines, including environmental science, hydrology, ecology, earth science, civil and environmental engineering, agriculture, and atmospheric science.

Active Mirror Alignment for Free Electron Lasers

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Active Mirror Alignment for Free Electron Lasers

Manufacturer: Storming Media
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Spiral-bound
ASIN: 142350545X

Product Description

This is a NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA report procured by the Pentagon and made available for public release. It has been reproduced in the best form available to the Pentagon. It is not spiral-bound, but rather assembled with Velobinding in a soft, white linen cover. The Storming Media report number is A373114. The abstract provided by the Pentagon follows: This thesis investigates active mirror alignment systems of a free electron laser (FEL) for future integration as a ship self-defense weapon. An issue with this integration is the effect of low-frequency shipboard vibrations on the optical cavity mirrors. Alignment of the cavity mirrors is required for the proper operation of any type of laser. Mirror alignment is especially critical for an FEL because the electron beam and optical mode must substantially overlap. Laboratory FEL facilities, along with other laboratory high energy facilities that employ active mirror alignment systems, are investigated. In addition, a model theory for controlling the vibrations of a single-degree-of-freedom system is developed, and experiments with a simple mirror alignment system are described. Reduction of an impressed vibration amplitude by a factor of five is achieved, compared to a factor of fifteen that is achieved in major laboratory systems with sophisticated control systems. The purpose of these efforts is to understand the underlying physics of vibration control. The knowledge forms a basis for follow-on research towards the development of a prototype shipboard active mirror alignment system.

Computer simulation of soil-water dynamics: A compendium of recent work

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Computer simulation of soil-water dynamics: A compendium of recent work
Daniel Hillel
Manufacturer: International Development Research Centre
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Unknown Binding

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Environmental Chemodynamics: Movement of Chemicals in Air, Water, and Soil, 2nd Edition

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Environmental Chemodynamics: Movement of Chemicals in Air, Water, and Soil, 2nd Edition
Louis J. Thibodeaux
Manufacturer: Wiley-Interscience
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0471612952

Book Description

What happens to a chemical once it enters the natural environment? How do its physical and chemical properties influence its transport, persistence, and partitioning in the biosphere? How do natural forces influence its distribution? How are the answers to these questions useful in making toxicological and epidemiological forecasts?

Environmental Chemodynamics, Second Edition introduces readers to the concepts, tools, and techniques currently used to answer these and other critical questions about the fate and transport of chemicals in the natural environment. Like its critically acclaimed predecessor, its main focus is on the mechanisms and rates of movement of chemicals across the air/soil, soil/water, and water/air interfaces, and on how natural processes work to mobilize chemicals near and across interfacesâinformation vital to performing human and ecological risk assessments.

Also consistent with the first edition, Environmental Chemodynamics, Second Edition is organized to accommodate readers of every level of experience. The first section is devoted to theoretical underpinnings and includes discussions of mass balance, thermodynamics, transport science concepts, and more. The second section concentrates on practical aspects, including the movement between bed-sediment and water, movement between soil and air, and intraphase chemical behavior.

This revised and updated edition of Louis J. Thibodeaux's 1979 classic features new or expanded coverage of:

Equilibrium models for environmental compartments
Dry deposition of particles and vapors onto water and soil surfaces
Chemical profiles in rivers and estuaries, particles and porous media
Fate and transport in the atmospheric boundary layer and within subterranean media
Chemical exchange between water column and bed-sediment
Intraphase chemical transport and fate

This Second Edition of Environmental Chemodynamics also includes twice as many references and 50% more exercises and practice problems.

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Full Nonlinear Simulation of Helicopter Coupled Rotor-Fuselage Motion Using MATLAB Symbolic Processor and Dynamic Simulation

Manufacturer: Storming Media
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Spiral-bound
ASIN: 1423538579

Product Description

This is a NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA report procured by the Pentagon and made available for public release. It has been reproduced in the best form available to the Pentagon. It is not spiral-bound, but rather assembled with Velobinding in a soft, white linen cover. The Storming Media report number is A188773. The abstract provided by the Pentagon follows: This thesis formulates the full nonlinear equations of motion for determining the stability of helicopter coupled rotor-fuselage motion utilizing MATLAB(registered)'s Symbolic Math Toolbox. Using the extended symbolic processor toolbox, the goal of this work was to eliminate the time consuming process of convening Fortran or C code generated by the symbolic processor, MAPLE(registered) into a MATLAB(registered) useable format where it is further incorporated into an S-function' to be used in the dynamic simulation environment. The formulation of the equations of motion utilized in this process is unique in that it uses the complete set of nonlinear terms in the equations of motions without utilizing ordering schemes, small angle assumptions, linearizing techniques, or other simplifying assumptions. After derivation, the equations of motion are numerically integrated using the dynamic simulation software SIMULINK(registered) and a time history plot is generated of blade and fuselage motion. The equations of motion are regenerated with each time step allowing the adjustment of characteristic structural, blade and dampening properties. These time traces can be used to explore the effects of damping nonlinearities, structural nonlinearities, active control, individual blade control, and damper failure on ground resonance.

Global Water Dynamics: Shallow and Deep Groundwater, Petroleum Hydrology, Hydrothermal Fluids, and Landscaping (Books in Soils, Plants, and the Environment)

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Global Water Dynamics: Shallow and Deep Groundwater, Petroleum Hydrology, Hydrothermal Fluids, and Landscaping (Books in Soils, Plants, and the Environment)
Emanuel Mazor
Manufacturer: CRC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0824753224

Book Description

All that makes this planet special is largely attributable to liquid water. Water in one form or another is found all over our planet, even encountered at depths of thousands of meters within the rocky crust. With a history of around four billion years, water has been around since the early days of Earth. Its presence in large amounts is unique to our planet, as are the outcomes and products of the water-involved geological processes. If Earth is to us a friendly home, it is thanks to all that water has created. Global Water Dynamics, written by renown geologist Emanuel Mazor is a unique book that deals with the global water systems via observations and multi-parametric physical, chemical, and isotopic measurements taken from a large number of springs and bore holes around the world. The obtained data leads to conclusions and working hypotheses that provide us with the detailed understanding of studied systems. It also allows us to see the forest beyond the trees, the global system of inter-related systems. These include recent cycling groundwater, connate water entrapped in sedimentary basins, as well as thermal and volcanic water systems, and the occurrence of petroleum deposits. The presented data and discussions lead to first principles analyses, as well as a long list of practical lessons. The content of this book addresses experts in the relevant fields, as well as university students in the earth sciences, hydrology, geology, petroleum exploration and exploitation, and environmental management and education.

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Manual of Aquatic Sediment Sampling
Alena Mudroch , and Jose M. Azcue
Manufacturer: CRC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 1566700299

Book Description

Little attention has been paid to the techniques for aquatic sediment sampling in the scientific literature dealing with environmental issues. With increasing interest in aquatic sediments as a sink source of contaminants in aquatic ecosystems, it has been recognized that sediment sampling is a complex and poorly documented discipline. No standardized methods exist to preserve the integrity of sediment and, particularly, sediment pore water, during sampling for different analyses and biological testing for assessment of sediment quality. A practical guide presenting the various methods available would prove extremely valuable. This is that guide. The book begins with a description of the objectives of sediment sampling for different purposes and planning of sampling programs. Most commonly used and readily available samplers and sampling techniques are explained for routine monitoring of sediment contamination and studies of sediment quality. Sample handling, transport, and storage are outlined relevant to the subsequent use of the collected sediments in physico-chemical analysis and biological testing. Measurements and notes of observations in the field during collection of sediments are described. Methods and equipment for collection of sediment pore water are detailed, and the efficiency, cost, and safety involved in sediment sampling are considered. The Manual of Aquatic Sediment Sampling contains examples, figures, and tables to enhance the reader's understanding of the material and of the importance of choosing proper techniques in sediment sampling programs. For each topic, recent citations are included from specialized literature. The Manual of Aquatic Sediment Sampling contains many examples, figures, and tables which will help the reader to understand the importance of choosing proper techniques in sediment sampling programs, and will provide a guide to preparation and execution of such programs.

Mechanics of Fluid-Saturated Rocks, Volume 89 (International Geophysics)

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Mechanics of Fluid-Saturated Rocks, Volume 89 (International Geophysics)

Manufacturer: Academic Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0123053552

Book Description

Mechanics of Fluid Saturated Rocks presents a current and comprehensive report on this emerging field that bridges the areas of geology and mechanics. It is of direct interest to a wide spectrum of earth scientists and engineers who are concerned with upper-crust mechanics and fluid movements, the most important fluids being oil and water.

This authoritative book is the result of a collaborative effort between scientists in academic institutions and industry. It examines important issues such as subsidence, geological fault formation, earthquake faulting, hydraulic fracturing, transport of fluids, and natural and direct applications.

Mechanics of Fluid Saturated Rocks provides a unique interdisciplinary viewpoint, as well as case studies, conclusions, and recommendations for further research.

* Covers the physical, chemical, and mechanical analysis of porous saturated rock deformation on both large and small scales
* Discusses the latest developments of importance to engineers and geologists
* Examines natural and direct applications
* Incorporates numerous equations and illustrations including an online image gallery: books.elsevier.com/companions/0123053552
* Includes extensive bibliographies for each chapter

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Night Science for Kids: Exploring the World After Dark
Terry Krautwurst
Manufacturer: Lark Books
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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Discover Nature at Sundown: Things to Know and Things to Do (Discover Nature Series)

Discover Nature Close to Home: Things to Know and Things to Do (Discover Nature Series)

ASIN: 1579906702

Book Description

Kids will want to grab a flashlight and start discovering the night world with the help of this safety-minded, abundantly illustrated and exciting combination of nature guide and fun activity book. Staying up late is just part of the fun, because children will also find the answers to many of the most intriguing questions: Why is the nighttime dark? Why does the length of the night change with the seasons? Why is darkness important to plant and animal life? Youngsters will meet fascinating nocturnal creatures, build a bat house, and begin to recognize different owl hoots. The stars will beckon as kids learn how to read the night sky, recognize constellations, and understand how Earth fits into the big picture. And these new night explorers can construct a camouflage blind, and garden by moonlight, too. Plenty of parent-friendly safety considerations are included.

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